Abstract This paper presents the results of the characterization of new retroreflective (RR) plasters for outdoor applications. The paint was obtained through deposition of four different types of RR microspheres on a traditional plaster for exterior applications. The plasters were characterized through a spectrophotometric, directional and colorimetric analysis. All the types of microspheres provide strong RR behavior for incident light directions from 0° to 60° with respect to the surface normal. However, the aluminum coating, with and without fluoropolymer coating, affects negatively the global reflectance and change completely the tiles’ original color, making the application of the aluminum RR tiles very limited. Glass and barium microspheres instead improve the optic properties of the original plaster, with negligible effects on the color. An analytic model was used to evaluate the amount of energy that is reflected beyond the canyon by the RR materials. It was found that at 42°N latitude, the best performing configurations are the combination of RR facade and RR pavement, for glass spheres. Two full-scale vertical surfaces, covered with RR plaster with glass microspheres and diffusive plaster respectively, were developed to investigate the visual comfort of pedestrians, in particular glare. Results show that the Daily Glare Probability (DGP) and superficial temperature for the RR wall is always lower than those for the diffusive wall.

中文翻译：

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反光建筑抹灰光能与视觉舒适度分析

摘要 本文介绍了用于户外应用的新型逆反射 (RR) 石膏的表征结果。该涂料是通过将四种不同类型的 RR 微球沉积在用于外部应用的传统灰泥上而获得的。通过分光光度法、定向分析和比色分析对石膏进行表征。所有类型的微球都为相对于表面法线的 0° 到 60° 的入射光方向提供了很强的 RR 行为。然而，铝涂层，无论有没有含氟聚合物涂层，都会对全局反射率产生负面影响，并完全改变瓷砖的原始颜色，使得铝制RR瓷砖的应用非常有限。相反，玻璃和钡微球改善了原始石膏的光学特性，对颜色的影响可以忽略不计。分析模型用于评估 RR 材料在峡谷之外反射的能量。结果表明，在北纬 42° 处，玻璃球的最佳性能配置是 RR 立面和 RR 路面的组合。开发了两个全尺寸垂直表面，分别用带有玻璃微球的 RR 石膏和漫射石膏覆盖，以研究行人的视觉舒适度，尤其是眩光。结果表明，RR 壁的每日眩光概率 (DGP) 和表面温度始终低于漫射壁。用于玻璃球。开发了两个全尺寸垂直表面，分别用带有玻璃微球的 RR 石膏和漫射石膏覆盖，以研究行人的视觉舒适度，尤其是眩光。结果表明，RR 壁的每日眩光概率 (DGP) 和表面温度始终低于漫射壁。用于玻璃球。开发了两个全尺寸垂直表面，分别用带有玻璃微球的 RR 石膏和漫射石膏覆盖，以研究行人的视觉舒适度，尤其是眩光。结果表明，RR 壁的每日眩光概率 (DGP) 和表面温度始终低于漫射壁。