Abstract The fluid flow of electrolyte within the cells of the electrochemical batteries has a vital role on the performance of batteries. Many numerically and experimentally investigations have been carried out on this subject. In flooded electrolyte batteries during high rates charging and discharging process, due to the electrochemical reactions, insoluble gas bubbles are produced on the surface of electrodes and dispersed in the electrolyte. Despite the importance of the presence of bubbles on the electrolyte velocity and concentration field, in all studies, the presence of bubbles have been ignored. In this study, an experimental setup has been developed for measuring the electrolyte velocity in the flooded lead-acid batteries based on utilizing the Particle Image Velocimetry system. The results for different states of charge (SOCs) showed that by increasing the number of bubbles which occurs at high SOCs, the velocity of electrolyte flow increases. Also in the SOCs 40%, 60% and 100% compared to the SOC 0%, the averaged velocity of the electrolyte has increased about 16.8%, 29%, and 79%, respectively. The obtained results show that at higher SOCs, the effect of stratification phenomenon on the electrolyte velocity with respect to the effect of the presence of bubbles in the electrolyte is negligible.

中文翻译：

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使用 PIV 系统测量铅酸电池电化学反应过程中的电解液流速和气泡特征

摘要 电化学电池单元内电解液的流动对电池的性能起着至关重要的作用。已经在这个主题上进行了许多数值和实验研究。在高倍率充放电过程中，富液电解液电池由于电化学反应，在电极表面产生不溶性气泡并分散在电解液中。尽管气泡的存在对电解质速度和浓度场很重要，但在所有研究中，气泡的存在都被忽略了。在这项研究中，开发了一种基于利用粒子图像测速系统测量富液式铅酸电池中电解液速度的实验装置。不同充电状态 (SOC) 的结果表明，通过增加高 SOC 下出现的气泡数量，电解液流动的速度增加。同样在 SOC 40%、60% 和 100% 中，与 SOC 0% 相比，电解液的平均速度分别增加了约 16.8%、29% 和 79%。获得的结果表明，在较高的 SOC 下，分层现象对电解液速度的影响相对于电解液中气泡存在的影响可以忽略不计。