With the widespread adoption of multimodality treatment, 5-year survival of children diagnosed with cancer has improved dramatically in the past several decades from approximately 60% in 1970 to greater than 85% currently. As a result, there are an estimated nearly half a million long-term survivors of childhood cancer living in the United States today. However, survivors have, on average, significantly greater serious medical and psychosocial late effects compared with the general population. In this review, we will discuss the current epidemiology of childhood cancer survivorship, including new methods to estimate the burden of late effects and genetic susceptibility toward late effects. We will also review the development of surveillance guidelines for childhood cancer survivors and early toxicity signals from novel agents now being tested and used increasingly to treat pediatric and adult cancers. We conclude with an overview of current models of survivorship care and areas for future research.

中文翻译：

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生存人口管理方面的当前和未来挑战。

随着多模式疗法的广泛采用，在过去的几十年中，被诊断患有癌症的儿童的5年生存率已从1970年的约60％显着提高到目前的85％以上。结果，今天，估计有将近一百万的儿童癌症长期幸存者生活在美国。但是，与一般人群相比，幸存者平均而言具有严重的严重医学和社会心理后期影响。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论儿童癌症幸存者的当前流行病学，包括估计晚期效应负担和对晚期效应的遗传易感性的新方法。我们还将审查针对儿童癌症幸存者的监测指南的发展情况，以及目前正在测试并越来越多地用于治疗小儿和成人癌症的新型药物的早期毒性信号。最后，我们概述了当前的幸存护理模型以及未来的研究领域。