We review the central tenets and neuroanatomical basis of the global neuronal workspace (GNW) hypothesis, which attempts to account for the main scientific observations regarding the elementary mechanisms of conscious processing in the human brain. The GNW hypothesis proposes that, in the conscious state, a non-linear network ignition associated with recurrent processing amplifies and sustains a neural representation, allowing the corresponding information to be globally accessed by local processors. We examine this hypothesis in light of recent data that contrast brain activity evoked by either conscious or non-conscious contents, as well as during conscious or non-conscious states, particularly general anesthesia. We also discuss the relationship between the intertwined concepts of conscious processing, attention, and working memory.

我们回顾了全局神经元工作空间（GNW）假说的中心原则和神经解剖学基础，该假说试图解释有关人脑意识处理基本机制的主要科学观察结果。GNW 假设提出，在有意识状态下，与循环处理相关的非线性网络点火会放大并维持神经表征，从而允许本地处理器全局访问相应的信息。我们根据最近的数据检验了这一假设，这些数据对比了有意识或无意识内容以及有意识或无意识状态（特别是全身麻醉）引起的大脑活动。我们还讨论了意识处理、注意力和工作记忆等相互交织的概念之间的关系。