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Error-corrected sequencing strategies enable comprehensive detection of leukemic mutations relevant for diagnosis and minimal residual disease monitoring.
BMC Medical Genomics ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-04 , DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0671-8
Erin L Crowgey 1 , Nitin Mahajan 2, 3 , Wing Hing Wong 2, 3 , Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai 1 , Sonali P Barwe 1 , E Anders Kolb 4 , Todd E Druley 2, 3
Affiliation  

Pediatric leukemias have a diverse genomic landscape associated with complex structural variants, including gene fusions, insertions and deletions, and single nucleotide variants. Routine karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques lack sensitivity for smaller genomic alternations. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays are being increasingly utilized for assessment of these various lesions. However, standard NGS lacks quantitative sensitivity for minimal residual disease (MRD) surveillance due to an inherently high error rate. Primary bone marrow samples from pediatric leukemia (n = 32) and adult leukemia subjects (n = 5), cell line MV4–11, and an umbilical cord sample were utilized for this study. Samples were sequenced using molecular barcoding with targeted DNA and RNA library enrichment techniques based on anchored multiplexed PCR (AMP®) technology, amplicon based error-corrected sequencing (ECS) or a human cancer transcriptome assay. Computational analyses were performed to quantitatively assess limit of detection (LOD) for various DNA and RNA lesions, which could be systematically used for MRD assays. Matched leukemia patient samples were analyzed at three time points; diagnosis, end of induction (EOI), and relapse. Similar to flow cytometry for ALL MRD, the LOD for point mutations by these sequencing strategies was ≥0.001. For DNA structural variants, FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) positive cell line and patient samples showed a LOD of ≥0.001 in addition to previously unknown copy number losses in leukemia genes. ECS in RNA identified multiple novel gene fusions, including a SPANT-ABL gene fusion in an ALL patient, which could have been used to alter therapy. Collectively, ECS for RNA demonstrated a quantitative and complex landscape of RNA molecules with 12% of the molecules representing gene fusions, 12% exon duplications, 8% exon deletions, and 68% with retained introns. Droplet digital PCR validation of ECS-RNA confirmed results to single mRNA molecule quantities. Collectively, these assays enable a highly sensitive, comprehensive, and simultaneous analysis of various clonal leukemic mutations, which can be tracked across disease states (diagnosis, EOI, and relapse) with a high degree of sensitivity. The approaches and results presented here highlight the ability to use NGS for MRD tracking.

中文翻译:

错误校正的测序策略可以全面检测与诊断有关的白血病突变,并最大限度地减少残留疾病监测。

小儿白血病具有与复杂结构变异相关的多种基因组格局,包括基因融合,插入和缺失以及单核苷酸变异。常规的核型和荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术缺乏对较小基因组交替的敏感性。下一代测序(NGS)分析正越来越多地用于评估这些各种病变。但是,由于固有的高错误率,标准NGS对最小残留疾病(MRD)监测缺乏定量敏感性。来自儿童白血病(n = 32)和成人白血病受试者(n = 5)的原代骨髓样本,细胞系MV4-11和脐带样本被用于这项研究。使用基于锚定多重PCR(AMP®)技术,基于扩增子的错误校正测序(ECS)或人类癌症转录组分析的靶向DNA和RNA库富集技术,使用分子条形码对样品进行测序。进行了计算分析以定量评估各种DNA和RNA损伤的检出限(LOD),可将其系统地用于MRD分析。在三个时间点分析了匹配的白血病患者样品;诊断,诱导终止(EOI)和复发。与ALL MRD的流式细胞术相似,这些测序策略对点突变的LOD≥0.001。对于DNA结构变体,FLT3内部串联复制(ITD)阳性细胞系和患者样品除白血病基因先前未知的拷贝数损失外,其LOD≥0.001。ECS在RNA中鉴定出多种新颖的基因融合体,包括ALL患者中的SPANT-ABL基因融合体,这些融合体可能已被用来改变治疗方法。总体而言,用于EC的ECS证明了RNA分子的定量和复杂情况,其中12%的分子代表基因融合,12%的外显子重复,8%的外显子缺失和68%的内含子内含。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。包括ALL患者中的SPANT-ABL基因融合体,可以用来改变治疗方法。总体而言,用于EC的ECS证明了RNA分子的定量和复杂情况,其中12%的分子代表基因融合,12%的外显子重复,8%的外显子缺失和68%的内含子内含。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。包括ALL患者中的SPANT-ABL基因融合体,可以用来改变治疗方法。总体而言,用于EC的ECS证明了RNA分子的定量和复杂情况,其中12%的分子代表基因融合,12%的外显子重复,8%的外显子缺失和68%的内含子内含。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。ECS for RNA展示了RNA分子的定量和复杂情况,其中12%的分子代表基因融合,12%的外显子重复,8%的外显子缺失和68%的保留内含子。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。ECS for RNA展示了RNA分子的定量和复杂情况,其中12%的分子代表基因融合,12%的外显子重复,8%的外显子缺失和68%的保留内含子。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。ECS-RNA的液滴数字PCR验证证实了单个mRNA分子数量的结果。总而言之,这些测定能够对各种克隆性白血病突变进行高度灵敏,全面和同时的分析,从而可以高度敏感地跨疾病状态(诊断,EOI和复发)进行追踪。这里介绍的方法和结果强调了使用NGS进行MRD跟踪的能力。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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