One fault that occurs with heat exchangers is a tube rupture, an overpressure scenario in which high pressure fluid flows into the low pressure region. It is a serious safety concern that may lead to significant damage. Accurate prediction of the pressure build-up after a rupture is critical to determine the appropriate size of a relief device and avoid exceeding allowable pressure limits. This paper describes a model-based step-by-step methodology to predict dynamic pressure profiles during tube rupture for liquid-liquid, vapor-liquid, and flashing liquid-liquid systems. The transient effects of the relief valve are considered. The effects of choked flow must also be considered for accurate maximum pressure predictions. Using a dimensionless analysis, the pressure ratio and density ratio are shown to significantly impact the severity of this incident. Results show that vapor-liquid systems result in the highest pressure surges.

中文翻译：

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换热器管破裂的动态建模

换热器发生的一个故障是管道破裂，这是高压流体流入低压区域的超压情况。这是一个严重的安全隐患，可能会导致严重损坏。准确预测破裂后的压力积累对于确定泄压装置的合适尺寸并避免超过允许的压力极限至关重要。本文介绍了一种基于模型的逐步方法，以预测液-液，气-液和闪蒸液-液系统在管破裂过程中的动态压力分布。考虑安全阀的瞬态影响。为了准确地预测最大压力，还必须考虑节流的影响。使用无量纲分析 压力比和密度比显示出显着影响此事件的严重性。结果表明，气液系统导致最高的压力波动。