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Screening of by-products from the food industry as growth promoting agents in serum-free media for skeletal muscle cell culture
Food & Function ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020/03/02 , DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02690h R. Christel Andreassen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Mona E. Pedersen 1, 2, 3, 4 , Kenneth A. Kristoffersen 1, 2, 3, 4 , Sissel Beate Rønning 1, 2, 3, 4
Food & Function ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020/03/02 , DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02690h R. Christel Andreassen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Mona E. Pedersen 1, 2, 3, 4 , Kenneth A. Kristoffersen 1, 2, 3, 4 , Sissel Beate Rønning 1, 2, 3, 4
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The most significant cost driver for efficient bio-production of edible animal proteins is the cell culture media, where growth factors account for up to 96% of the total cost. The culture media must be serum-free, affordable, contain only food-grade ingredients, be efficient to promote cell growth and available in massive quantities. The commercially available serum substitutes are expensive and not necessarily food-grade. Identifying inexpensive food-safe alternatives to serum is crucial. By-products from food production are available in massive quantities, contain potential factors that can promote growth and are promising ingredients for serum replacement. The main goal of this study was to explore if food-grade by-product materials can be used as growth promoting agents in skeletal muscle cell culture to develop a tailor-made serum free media. Different by-products, including chicken carcass, cod backbone, eggshell membrane, egg white powder and pork plasma were enzymatically or chemically hydrolyzed. The hydrolysates in addition to lyophilized pork plasma and yeast extract were further characterized by size-exclusion chromatography, elemental combustion analysis and degree of hydrolysis. The materials were used as supplement to or replacement of commercial serum and further evaluated for their effect on metabolic activity, cell proliferation and cell cytotoxicity in muscle cells cultured in vitro. Our results indicate that none of the materials were cytotoxic to the skeletal muscle cells. Hydrolysates rich in peptides with approximately 2–15 amino acids in length were shown to improve cell growth and metabolic activity. Of all the materials tested pork plasma hydrolysates and yeast extract were the most promising. Pork plasma hydrolysates increased metabolic activity by 110% and cell proliferation with 48% when cultured in serum-free conditions for 3 days compared with control cells cultured with full serum conditions. Most interestingly, this response was dependent on both material and choice of enzyme used. We suggest that these materials have the potential to replace serum during cultivation and as such be included in a tailor-made serum-free media.
中文翻译：
在骨骼肌细胞培养用无血清培养基中筛选食品工业副产物作为生长促进剂
有效地生产可食用动物蛋白质的最重要的成本驱动因素是细胞培养基，其中生长因子占总成本的96％。培养基必须无血清，负担得起，仅包含食品级成分，有效促进细胞生长并且可以大量使用。市售的血清替代品价格昂贵，不一定是食品级的。确定廉价的食品安全替代品对血清至关重要。食品生产中产生的副产品数量很多，含有可促进生长的潜在因素，并且是有希望替代血清的成分。这项研究的主要目的是探索食品级副产物是否可以用作骨骼肌细胞培养中的生长促进剂，以开发量身定制的无血清培养基。酶解或化学水解包括鸡car体，鳕鱼主链，蛋壳膜，蛋清粉和猪肉血浆的不同副产物。除冻干的猪肉血浆和酵母提取物外，还通过尺寸排阻色谱，元素燃烧分析和水解度对水解产物进行了表征。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞的代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响 元素燃烧分析和水解度。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞的代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响 元素燃烧分析和水解度。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞中代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响体外。我们的结果表明，没有一种物质对骨骼肌细胞具有细胞毒性。富含长度约为2–15个氨基酸的肽的水解产物显示可改善细胞生长和代谢活性。在所有测试的材料中，猪肉血浆水解物和酵母提取物是最有前途的。与在完全血清条件下培养的对照细胞相比，在无血清条件下培养3天时，猪肉血浆水解物可将代谢活性提高110％，将细胞增殖提高48％。最有趣的是，这种反应取决于材料和所用酶的选择。我们建议这些材料有可能在培养过程中替代血清，因此应包含在量身定制的无血清培养基中。
更新日期：2020-03-27
中文翻译：
在骨骼肌细胞培养用无血清培养基中筛选食品工业副产物作为生长促进剂
有效地生产可食用动物蛋白质的最重要的成本驱动因素是细胞培养基，其中生长因子占总成本的96％。培养基必须无血清，负担得起，仅包含食品级成分，有效促进细胞生长并且可以大量使用。市售的血清替代品价格昂贵，不一定是食品级的。确定廉价的食品安全替代品对血清至关重要。食品生产中产生的副产品数量很多，含有可促进生长的潜在因素，并且是有希望替代血清的成分。这项研究的主要目的是探索食品级副产物是否可以用作骨骼肌细胞培养中的生长促进剂，以开发量身定制的无血清培养基。酶解或化学水解包括鸡car体，鳕鱼主链，蛋壳膜，蛋清粉和猪肉血浆的不同副产物。除冻干的猪肉血浆和酵母提取物外，还通过尺寸排阻色谱，元素燃烧分析和水解度对水解产物进行了表征。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞的代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响 元素燃烧分析和水解度。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞的代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响 元素燃烧分析和水解度。该材料用作商业血清的补充或替代，并进一步评估了它们对培养的肌肉细胞中代谢活性，细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响体外。我们的结果表明，没有一种物质对骨骼肌细胞具有细胞毒性。富含长度约为2–15个氨基酸的肽的水解产物显示可改善细胞生长和代谢活性。在所有测试的材料中，猪肉血浆水解物和酵母提取物是最有前途的。与在完全血清条件下培养的对照细胞相比，在无血清条件下培养3天时，猪肉血浆水解物可将代谢活性提高110％，将细胞增殖提高48％。最有趣的是，这种反应取决于材料和所用酶的选择。我们建议这些材料有可能在培养过程中替代血清，因此应包含在量身定制的无血清培养基中。
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