P–TiO_n–VO_m nanowires were grown on nickel foam (NF) via a one-pot hydrothermal method and by further vapor deposition/phosphorization method. It was found that low valence states of titanium oxide and deficient-oxygen coexist in P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF. Furthermore, (TiO_1.25)_3.07 (denoted as TiO_n) and VO (denoted as VO_m) possess similar structures and matched facets, and their epitaxial growth leads to the formation of TiO_n/VO_m heterostructure with a formation energy of −1.59 eV. P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF possesses good electron conductivity and electrons can be transferred from Ti to V centers, as evidenced by the DFT calculations and the XPS spectra. As a result, the specific capacity of P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF can reach 785 C g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ in the potential range of 0–0.55 V vs. Hg/HgO, which is much larger than those of VO_m/NF, P–VO_m/NF, and P–TiO₂–VO_m/NF. On the other hand, the TiO_n/VO_m heterostructure also favors the separation and transfer of photoinduced electrons and holes, and P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF exhibits visible-light-driven photoresponse. Under visible light illumination, the specific capacity of P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF is increased by 6.2% relative to that in the dark. Furthermore, the P–TiO_n–VO_m/NF//activated carbon (AC) asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) shows an energy density of 37.2 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 1 kW kg⁻¹ and excellent cycling performance with 93.6% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹, which is comparable to and even superior to those of titanium oxides and vanadium oxides. A promising achievement has been proposed to improve the energy storage performance of P–TiO_n–VO_m through P-functionalization and O-deficiency in this work.

中文翻译：

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在Ni泡沫上生长的P功能且缺O的TiOn / VOm纳米颗粒作为超级电容器的电极：外延生长的异质结和可见光驱动的光响应

P-TiO _n -VO _m纳米线通过一锅水热法和进一步的气相沉积/磷化法在泡沫镍（NF）上生长。结果发现，P-TiO _n -VO _m / NF共存低价态的氧化钛和缺氧态。此外，（TiO _1.25）_3.07（表示为TiO _n）和VO（表示为VO _m）具有相似的结构和相匹配的面，并且它们的外延生长导致形成TiO _n / VO _m异质结构，形成能为-1.59 eV。P–TiO _n –VO _m/ NF具有良好的电子传导性，并且电子可以从Ti转移到V中心，这由DFT计算和XPS光谱证明。结果，P-TiO _n -VO _m / NF的比容量在0-0.55 V vs.的电势范围内，在1 A g ^-1下可以达到785 C g ^-1。Hg / HgO，比VO _m / NF，P–VO _m / NF和P–TiO ₂ –VO _m / NF大得多。另一方面，TiO _n / VO _m的异质结构也有利于光致电子和空穴的分离和转移，而P–TiO _n -VO _m/ NF表现出可见光驱动的光响应。在可见光照射下，相对于黑暗，P-TiO _n -VO _m / NF的比容量增加了6.2％。此外，P–TiO _n –VO _m / NF //活性炭（AC）不对称超级电容器（ASC）在1 kW kg ^-1的功率密度下显示出37.2 W h kg ^-1的能量密度，并具有出色的循环性能。在5 A g ^-1下进行1万次循环后，容量保持力达到93.6％，与钛氧化物和钒氧化物相当，甚至更好。已经提出了有希望的成就来改善P–TiO _n –VO _m的储能性能 通过P功能化和O缺乏在这项工作中。