A cross-layer design methodology that jointly optimizes the link-layer network flow rate and the physical layer transmission power wherein rate is developed for energy-constrained underwater wireless sensor networks. The objective of the design is to maximize the lifetime of the network operation for a given network topology and a bound of the total transmission time of all links. Initially, each node is set to transmit at the most energy-efficient transmission rate, which is derived using an underwater acoustic channel model. A constrained least square problem then is formulated which yields an analytical solution of the optimal network flow at each link that maximizes the network lifetime. If the timing constraint is not met, a new iteration will begin with the restriction on per-node energy consumption incrementally relaxed. Usually, the algorithm converges within a couple of iterations. Two design examples, a linear configured network, and a rhombus configured network are used to demonstrate the design procedures. Extensive simulations have been performed and superior performance (longer network lifetime) of this proposed design has been observed.

中文翻译：

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水下无线传感器网络中的跨层网络生存期最大化

一种跨层设计方法，可共同优化链路层网络流量和物理层传输功率，其中速率是为能量受限的水下无线传感器网络开发的。设计的目的是在给定的网络拓扑结构中最大化网络操作的生命周期，并限制所有链路的总传输时间。最初，将每个节点设置为以最节能的传输速率进行传输，这是使用水下声通道模型得出的。然后制定了一个约束最小二乘问题，可得出每个链路上最佳网络流量的解析解，从而最大化网络寿命。如果不满足时序约束，则新迭代将从对每个节点的能耗限制逐步放宽开始。通常，该算法在几次迭代中收敛。使用两个设计示例（一个线性配置的网络和一个菱形配置的网络）来演示设计过程。已经进行了广泛的仿真，并且观察到了该拟议设计的卓越性能（更长的网络寿命）。