Increasing the number of transmit and receive elements in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays imposes a substantial increase in hardware and computational costs. We mitigate this problem by employing a reconfigurable MIMO array where large transmit and receive arrays are multiplexed in a smaller set of k baseband signals. We consider four stages for the MIMO array configuration and propose four different selection strategies to offer dimensionality reduction in post-processing and achieve hardware cost reduction in digital signal processing (DSP) and radio-frequency (RF) stages. We define the problem as a determinant maximization and develop a unified formulation to decouple the joint problem and select antennas/elements in various stages in one integrated problem. We then analyze the performance of the proposed selection approaches and prove that, in terms of the output SINR, a joint transmit-receive selection method performs best followed by matched-filter, hybrid and factored selection methods. The theoretical results are validated numerically, demonstrating that all methods allow an excellent trade-off between performance and cost.

中文翻译：

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MIMO 雷达自适应波束成形的多级天线选择


增加多输入多输出 (MIMO) 天线阵列中的发射和接收元件数量会导致硬件和计算成本大幅增加。我们通过采用可重新配置的 MIMO 阵列来缓解这个问题，其中大型发射和接收阵列在较小的 k 个基带信号集中复用。我们考虑了 MIMO 阵列配置的四个阶段，并提出了四种不同的选择策略，以在后处理中提供降维，并实现数字信号处理 (DSP) 和射频 (RF) 阶段的硬件成本降低。我们将该问题定义为行列式最大化，并开发一种统一的公式来解耦联合问题并在一个集成问题的各个阶段选择天线/元件。然后，我们分析了所提出的选择方法的性能，并证明，就输出 SINR 而言，联合发射-接收选择方法表现最好，其次是匹配滤波器、混合和因子选择方法。理论结果经过数值验证，表明所有方法都可以在性能和成本之间实现良好的权衡。