The application of inhomogeneous AC electric fields for molecular immobilization is a very fast and simple method that does not require any adaptions to the molecule's functional groups or charges. Here, the method is applied to a completely new category of molecules: small organic fluorescence dyes, whose dimensions amount to only 1 nm or even less. The presented setup and the electric field parameters used allow immobilization of dye molecules on the whole electrode surface as opposed to pure dielectrophoretic applications, where molecules are attracted only to regions of high electric field gradients, i.e., to the electrode tips and edges. In addition to dielectrophoresis and AC electrokinetic flow, molecular scale interactions and electrophoresis at short time scales are discussed as further mechanisms leading to migration and immobilization of the molecules. Graphical Abstract.

中文翻译：

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AC电动固定有机染料分子。

将不均匀的交流电场用于分子固定是一种非常快速和简单的方法，不需要对分子的官能团或电荷进行任何调整。在这里，该方法被应用于全新的分子类别：小的有机荧光染料，其尺寸总计仅为1 nm或更小。与纯介电电泳应用相反，所呈现的设置和所使用的电场参数允许将染料分子固定在整个电极表面上，在纯介电电泳应用中，分子仅被吸引到高电场梯度的区域，即电极尖端和边缘。除了介电泳和交流电动势之外，分子尺度的相互作用和短时间电泳是导致分子迁移和固定化的进一步机制。图形概要。