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Pre-emptive rituximab and plasma exchange does not prevent disease recurrence following living donor renal transplantation in high-risk idiopathic SRNS.
Pediatric Nephrology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04500-y
Mohan Shenoy 1 , Rachel Lennon 1, 2 , Nick Plant 1 , Dean Wallace 1 , Amrit Kaur 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Children with non-genetic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) are at high risk of disease recurrence (DR) and graft loss following renal transplant (RT). Although pre-emptive plasma exchange (PE) and rituximab have been suggested to prevent DR, there is insufficient published data to support this practice. The aim is to study the role of pre-emptive PE and rituximab in the prevention of DR in children with non-genetic SRNS undergoing living donor (LD) RT. METHODS Prospective single-centre study of four consecutive children (age 6-17 years) with non-genetic SRNS (including two with previous graft loss due to DR) who underwent LD RT between July 2014 and September 2016. All patients received a single dose of rituximab 375 mg/m2 2-4 weeks prior to the RT and four sessions of PE in the week prior to RT. All patients had previously undergone bilateral native nephrectomies. RESULTS All children had early DR (2-26 days) following LD RT. Following early initiation of PE, three children achieved partial remission (PR) or complete remission (CR) 5-22 days after commencing treatment. One child continued to have heavy proteinuria along with graft dysfunction despite 52 sessions of PE and lost the graft 5 months after RT. At the latest follow-up of 36-60 months following RT, one child remains in CR and two are in PR. The latest eGFR was 45-104 ml/min/1.73m2. CONCLUSIONS Pre-emptive rituximab and PE does not prevent DR in high-risk non-genetic SRNS. Prompt initiation of PE following DR appears to achieve PR or CR in the majority of patients.

中文翻译:

在高危特发性SRNS中,活体供体肾移植后,先发性利妥昔单抗和血浆置换不能预防疾病复发。

背景技术患有非遗传性类固醇抵抗性肾病综合征(SRNS)的儿童在肾脏移植(RT)后患病复发(DR)和移植物丢失的风险很高。尽管已建议先发性血浆置换(PE)和利妥昔单抗可预防DR,但目前尚无足够的公开数据来支持这种做法。目的是研究先发性PE和利妥昔单抗在接受活体供体(LD)RT的非遗传性SRNS儿童预防DR中的作用。方法对2014年7月至2016年9月间接受LD RT的连续4例非遗传性SRNS患儿(年龄在6-17岁)进行前瞻性单中心研究(包括2例先前因DR导致移植物丢失)。所有患者均接受单剂量在放疗前2-4周服用375 mg / m2的利妥昔单抗,在放疗前一周进行四次PE治疗。所有患者先前都曾接受过双侧自然肾切除术。结果所有儿童在LD RT后都有早期DR(2-26天)。在早期开始体育锻炼之后,三名儿童在开始治疗后的5-22天达到部分缓解(PR)或完全缓解(CR)。尽管有52例PE,1名儿童仍然患有大量蛋白尿以及移植物功能障碍,并且在RT后5个月丢失了移植物。在放疗后36-60个月的最新随访中,一名儿童仍在CR中,而两名则在PR中。最新的eGFR为45-104 ml / min / 1.73m2。结论先发性利妥昔单抗和PE不能预防高危非遗传性SRNS中的DR。在大多数患者中,DR后立即开始PE似乎可以达到PR或CR。在早期开始体育锻炼后,三名儿童在开始治疗后的5-22天达到部分缓解(PR)或完全缓解(CR)。尽管进行了52次PE治疗,一名儿童仍然患有严重的蛋白尿症以及移植物功能障碍,并且在RT后5个月丢失了移植物。在放疗后36-60个月的最新随访中,一名儿童仍在CR中,而两名则在PR中。最新的eGFR为45-104 ml / min / 1.73m2。结论先发性利妥昔单抗和PE不能预防高危非遗传性SRNS中的DR。在大多数患者中,DR后立即开始PE似乎可以达到PR或CR。在早期开始体育锻炼后,三名儿童在开始治疗后的5-22天达到部分缓解(PR)或完全缓解(CR)。尽管进行了52次PE治疗,一名儿童仍然患有严重的蛋白尿症以及移植物功能障碍,并且在RT后5个月丢失了移植物。在放疗后36-60个月的最新随访中,一名儿童仍在CR中,而两名则在PR中。最新的eGFR为45-104 ml / min / 1.73m2。结论先发性利妥昔单抗和PE不能预防高危非遗传性SRNS中的DR。在大多数患者中,DR后立即开始PE似乎可以达到PR或CR。尽管进行了52次PE治疗,一名儿童仍然患有大量蛋白尿以及移植物功能障碍,并且在RT后5个月丢失了移植物。在放疗后36-60个月的最新随访中,一名儿童仍在CR中,而两名则在PR中。最新的eGFR为45-104 ml / min / 1.73m2。结论先发性利妥昔单抗和PE不能预防高危非遗传性SRNS中的DR。在大多数患者中,DR后立即开始PE似乎可以达到PR或CR。尽管进行了52次PE治疗,一名儿童仍然患有严重的蛋白尿症以及移植物功能障碍,并且在RT后5个月丢失了移植物。在放疗后36至60个月进行的最新随访中,一名儿童仍在CR中,两名儿童处于PR中。最新的eGFR为45-104 ml / min / 1.73m2。结论先发性利妥昔单抗和PE不能预防高危非遗传性SRNS中的DR。在大多数患者中,DR后立即开始PE似乎可以达到PR或CR。
更新日期:2020-03-02
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