The geometric quality of images is a principal concern for a stereo mapping satellite. On-orbit geometric calibration (GC) is an essential processing step that is always performed to ensure the geometric accuracy of satellite images. However, the traditional GC method is typically expensive and inefficient due to a large dependence on ground-based locations. Although recent GC methods based on relative constraints between images can substantially reduce plane constraints, which are used as the benchmark measurements in the traditional method, there is a strong correlation between elevation and camera orientation that necessitates additional elevation constraints. This paper proposes an integrated GC method to compensate for systematic errors in the three linear cameras (TLC) of the ZiYuan-3 (ZY-3) satellite. The relative constraints and the stereo intersection constraints from two sets of overlapped TLC imagery pairs allow for the removal of dense plane constraints, as well as elimination of the GC dependencies from the additional elevation constraints. This paper also systematically analyzes the relationship between elevation error and camera GC accuracy, proposes a unified GC model for TLC cameras based on matrix decomposition, and develops a suitable global estimation method for the solution of GC parameters. The method was validated through experiments performed on the TLC images, and satisfactory results indicated that it effectively compensates for systematic errors by onboard stereo TLC cameras.

图像的几何质量是立体映射卫星的主要关注点。在轨几何校准（GC）是必不可少的处理步骤，始终执行该步骤以确保卫星图像的几何精度。但是，由于对地面位置的依赖性很大，传统的GC方法通常昂贵且效率低下。尽管最近基于图像之间相对约束的GC方法可以大大减少平面约束，而传统方法将其用作基准测量，但标高和相机方向之间存在很强的相关性，因此需要附加的标高约束。本文提出了一种综合GC方法来补偿ZiYuan-3（ZY-3）卫星的三个线性摄像机（TLC）中的系统误差。来自两组重叠的TLC图像对的相对约束和立体相交约束允许去除密集平面约束，并从其他高程约束中消除GC依赖性。本文还系统地分析了仰角误差与相机GC精度之间的关系，提出了基于矩阵分解的TLC相机统一的GC模型，并为GC参数的求解提出了一种合适的全局估计方法。通过在TLC图像上进行的实验验证了该方法的有效性，令人满意的结果表明，该方法可以有效补偿车载立体声TLC摄像机的系统误差。以及从其他海拔限制中消除GC依赖关系。本文还系统地分析了仰角误差与相机GC精度之间的关系，提出了基于矩阵分解的TLC相机统一的GC模型，并为GC参数的求解提出了一种合适的全局估计方法。通过在TLC图像上进行的实验验证了该方法的有效性，令人满意的结果表明，该方法可以有效补偿车载立体声TLC摄像机的系统误差。以及从其他海拔限制中消除GC依赖关系。本文还系统地分析了仰角误差与相机GC精度之间的关系，提出了基于矩阵分解的TLC相机统一的GC模型，并为GC参数的求解提出了一种合适的全局估计方法。通过在TLC图像上进行的实验验证了该方法的有效性，令人满意的结果表明，该方法可以有效补偿车载立体声TLC摄像机的系统误差。并为GC参数的求解开发了一种合适的全局估计方法。通过在TLC图像上进行的实验验证了该方法的有效性，令人满意的结果表明，该方法可以有效补偿车载立体声TLC摄像机的系统误差。并为GC参数的求解开发了一种合适的全局估计方法。通过在TLC图像上进行的实验验证了该方法的有效性，令人满意的结果表明，该方法可以有效补偿车载立体声TLC摄像机的系统误差。