An overview of current status of the available literature on Life Cycle Energy, Life Cycle Greenhouse Gases, and Conventional Life Cycle Assessment of commercial and residential buildings was presented with respect to their height. A narrative literature review was carried out to provide a comprehensive overview as well as to highlight the recent contributions related to the environmental evaluation of high-rise and low-rise buildings. The study was carried out by searching the databases of the Scopus and Elsevier in conjunction with ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases. The reason for this was to cover the published papers in this field up to the highest degree of accuracy. By means of the search of publications quoting the use of LCA in construction sector for the period from 1997 to 2018, more than 230 peer-reviewed publications referencing the use of life cycle assessment in buildings have been identified. The review shows that low-rise buildings (1∼5 floors) compared to high-rise ones (≥ 5 floors) received significant attention as the studies focusing on the life cycle assessment of low-rise buildings were about twice in number more than the studies related to the life cycle assessment of high-rise buildings. In case of high-rise buildings, commercial buildings gained more attention by over 60% of the reviewed studies, while for low-rise buildings, residential buildings took the leverage by accounting to over 70% of the reviewed studies. The more frequently studied life cycle stages were those related to the manufacturing and use phases. Similarly, the most considered impact categories were the global warming potential and embodied energy. The reported values for embodied energy of high-rise buildings had a great variation ranging from 0.533 MJ/m² to 883.1 GJ/m², while the same values for low-rise buildings ranged from 0.21 to 374.4 GJ/m². In terms of global warming potential, high-rise buildings emitted 10 to 10,010 kg CO₂-eq/m² per year, however, some studies revealed the potential of timber structure in emission reduction by values ranging from 234.8 to 1338 kg CO₂-eq/m². The emissions associated by low-rise buildings ranged from 0.07 to 35,765 kg CO₂-eq/m², and the respective values for emission reduction by timber structures were between 12.9 and 361 kg CO₂-eq/m². The results also indicate that a wide range of building's lifespan varying from 20 to over 100 years were utilized in life cycle assessment of different types of buildings. Functional unit was also another parameter that showed a broad variation both in terms of unit and definition. While the majority of researchers considered “m²” as the functional unit (61%), “whole building” was also considered as the functional unit in almost 20% of the reviewed studies, indicating the lack of standardized definition for functional unit for more practical outcomes. Ecoinvent was the most referred inventory database (65%) for life cycle assessment of buildings followed by University of Bath ICE (11%), U.S. database (9%), and Australian material inventory database (7%). SimaPro dominated computer-aided softwares with 40% of citations among the reviewed studies. ATHENA Impact Estimator and GaBi software gathered the attention of the reviewed studies by 7.5% and 4%, respectively. The review finally highlights that the variations in building design (structure and materials), lifetime, functional unit, and scope restrict to compare the findings and results of studies with each other.

介绍了有关商业和住宅建筑物的生命周期能源，生命周期温室气体和常规生命周期评估的可用文献的现状及其高度的概述。进行了叙述性文献综述，以提供全面的概述，并强调近期与高层和低层建筑物的环境评估有关的贡献。这项研究是通过搜索Scopus和Elsevier的数据库以及ScienceDirect和Google Scholar数据库来进行的。这样做的原因是要以最高的准确性覆盖该领域的已发表论文。通过搜索引用LCA在1997年至2018年期间在建筑部门中使用的出版物，现已确定超过230篇经同行评审的出版物，这些出版物涉及在建筑物中使用生命周期评估。评论显示，与高层建筑（≥5层）相比，低层建筑（1-5层）受到了广泛关注，因为专注于低层建筑生命周期评估的研究数量是低层建筑的两倍。有关高层建筑生命周期评估的研究。在高层建筑的案例中，超过60％的审查研究都吸引了商业建筑的关注，而在低层建筑物中，住宅建筑占了所审查研究的70％以上，从而发挥了杠杆作用。研究最频繁的生命周期阶段是与制造和使用阶段有关的阶段。同样，最受关注的影响类别是全球变暖潜能和体现的能源。报告的高层建筑内在能量的值在0.533 MJ / m的范围内有很大变化²至883.1 GJ / m ²，而低层建筑的相同值介于0.21至374.4 GJ / m ²。在全球变暖潜力方面，高层建筑发射10到10010千克CO ₂当量/米²每年，然而，一些研究通过值范围从234.8至1338千克CO揭示木材结构的电势在减排₂ - eq / m ²。低层建筑物的排放量介于0.07至35,765 kg CO ₂ -eq / m ²之间，木结构的减排量分别介于12.9至361 kg CO ₂ -eq / m ^2之间。。结果还表明，在不同类型建筑物的生命周期评估中，广泛使用了从20年到100年以上不等的建筑物寿命。功能单位也是另一个参数，在单位和定义方面都表现出很大的差异。虽然大多数研究人员认为“ m ²”作为功能单元（61％），“整体建筑”在几乎20％的研究中也被认为是功能单元，这表明缺乏标准化的功能单元定义来获得更实际的结果。Ecoinvent是用于建筑物生命周期评估的引用最多的库存数据库（65％），其次是巴斯大学ICE（11％），美国数据库（9％）和澳大利亚材料库存数据库（7％）。SimaPro主导了计算机辅助软件，其中40％被引用。ATHENA Impact Estimator和GaBi软件分别吸引了所评论研究的7.5％和4％。审查最终强调，建筑物设计（结构和材料），寿命，功能单元和范围的变化限制了彼此之间的比较研究结果和结果。