The microbiota-gut-brain axis encompasses a bidirectional mode of communication between the microorganisms residing in our gut, and our brain function and behavior. The composition of the gut microbiota is subject to diurnal variation and is entrained by host circadian rhythms. In turn, a diverse microbiota is essential for optimal regulation of host circadian pathways. Disruption of the cyclical nature of this microbe-host interaction profoundly influences disease pathology and severity. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on this bidirectional relationship. Indeed, the past few years have revealed promising data regarding the relationship between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and circadian rhythms and how they act in concert to influence disease, but further research needs to be done to examine how they coalesce to modulate severity of, and risk for, certain diseases. Moreover, there is a need for a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the close relationship between circadian-microbiome-brain interactions.

菌群-肠-脑轴涵盖了我们肠道中的微生物与大脑功能和行为之间的双向通信方式。肠道菌群的组成会发生昼夜变化，并被宿主的昼夜节律所带动。反过来，多样化的微生物群对于宿主昼夜节律途径的最佳调节至关重要。这种微生物与宿主相互作用的周期性破坏会严重影响疾病的病理和严重程度。这篇综述旨在总结关于这种双向关系的当前知识。的确，过去几年中，关于微生物群-肠-脑轴与昼夜节律之间的关系，以及它们如何共同作用以影响疾病，但是需要做进一步的研究，以检查它们如何结合以调节某些疾病的严重性和风险。而且，需要对昼夜节律-微生物组-脑相互作用之间紧密关系的分子机制有更深入的了解。