ABSTRACT Recently, biochar has received significant attention, especially for the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from water and wastewater. No review has been focused on the potential use of wood-based biochar (WB) for the removal of PTEs in water and wastewater. Here, we have critically reviewed the (i) preparation and characterisation of WB; (ii) removal efficiency of WB for PTEs in water with respect to its physicochemical characteristics, biochar/water ratio, pH, and sorption system; (iii) removal mechanisms of PTEs by WB; (iv) fate of the sorbed PTEs onto WB; and (v) recovery of the sorbed PTEs from the resultant sludge of WB. We also discussed the removal of PTEs by engineered/designer WB as compared to pristine WB. This review demonstrates the overarching scientific opportunities for a comprehensive understanding of using WB as an emerging biosorbent and a promising low-cost and effective material for the remediation of PTEs contaminated water.

中文翻译：

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用于去除水和废水中潜在有毒元素的木质生物炭：批判性审查

摘要 最近，生物炭受到了极大的关注，特别是在去除水和废水中的潜在有毒元素 (PTE) 方面。没有评论关注木质生物炭 (WB) 在去除水和废水中的 PTE 的潜在用途。在这里，我们批判性地回顾了 (i) WB 的制备和表征；(ii) WB 对水中 PTE 的去除效率，包括其物理化学特性、生物炭/水比、pH 值和吸附系统；(iii) WB 去除 PTE 的机制；(iv) 吸附到 WB 上的 PTE 的命运；(v) 从 WB 所得污泥中回收吸附的 PTE。我们还讨论了与原始 WB 相比，工程/设计 WB 去除 PTE 的问题。