Mangroves have generated considerable interest in forest carbon discourse given their disproportionately high carbon storage and sequestration potential compared to terrestrial habitats. Capitalising on this potential, however, remains largely unrealised due in part to an incomplete understanding of the full greenhouse gas mitigation benefits provided, particularly through changes in landuse where aquaculture ponds are converted back to mangroves. Here we address such uncertainties by estimating the overall net greenhouse offset potential from rehabilitating mangroves in Tiwoho, North Sulawesi (Indonesia). Estimates of both baseline emissions and sequestration as mangrove forests regrow after rehabilitation were assessed, with results contrasted against published data on established mangroves and terrestrial forest carbon projects registered with the Verified Carbon Standard. Additionally, net emissions removals and reductions from Tiwoho is scaled-up to the national level in order to estimate the contribution rehabilitation of disused ponds can make to climate change mitigation. We also monetarise potential returns generated to date and frame this against project implementation and opportunity costs. Our data indicates that, on average, Tiwoho’s rehabilitating sites could potentially mitigate upwards of −27.6 ± 1.7 Mg CO₂-e per hectare per year. This is upwards of 3 times that of other terrestrial forestry carbon projects and, assuming a voluntary carbon market price of USD $8.1 per Mg CO₂-e per hectare for afforestation/reforestation projects, equates to recuperation of 76.2% of initial project implementation costs over approximately 10 years with an annual return of 7.6%. This return rate rivals that of most asset classes targeted by private sector investors. Scaling results to encompass the net emissions removals and reduction potential from rehabilitating the ∼600, 000 hectares of disused ponds in Indonesia may offset upwards of −16.56 ± 1.02 million Mg CO₂-e per hectare per year. Additionally, mitigation benefits from rehabilitation may equate to 6 times that of terrestrial projects if situated in ponds displaying both high baseline emissions and high rates of re-growth whilst accounting for sequestration from benthic algae and the oceanic burial of dissolved inorganic carbon. These findings strengthen the evidence base needed for public and private sector support for mangrove rehabilitation within the forest carbon sector.

由于与陆地生境相比，红树林具有极高的碳储存和固存潜力，因此红树林引起了人们对森林碳话语的极大兴趣。但是，利用这种潜力仍然大体未实现，部分原因是对提供的全部温室气体减排效益的理解不充分，尤其是通过改变土地用途（将水产养殖池塘改回红树林）。在这里，我们通过估算北苏拉威西（印度尼西亚）蒂沃霍的红树林恢复带来的整体净温室气体抵消潜力来解决此类不确定性问题。评估了恢复后红树林重新生长的基准排放量和封存量，结果与已发布的有关已通过“已验证碳标准”注册的红树林和陆地森林碳项目的数据形成对比。此外，蒂沃霍州的净排放量减少量和减排量已扩大到国家一级，以估算废弃池塘的恢复对缓解气候变化的贡献。我们还对迄今产生的潜在回报进行衡量，并将其与项目实施和机会成本进行比较。我们的数据表明，Tiwoho的修复场平均可减轻−27.6±1.7 Mg的CO 我们还对迄今产生的潜在回报进行衡量，并将其与项目实施和机会成本进行比较。我们的数据表明，Tiwoho的修复场平均可减轻−27.6±1.7 Mg的CO 我们还对迄今产生的潜在回报进行衡量，并将其与项目实施和机会成本进行比较。我们的数据表明，Tiwoho的修复场平均可减轻−27.6±1.7 Mg的CO每年每公顷₂ -e。这是其他陆地林业碳项目的三倍以上，并且假设用于造林/再造林项目的自愿碳市场价格为每公顷CO ₂ -e每公顷8.1美元，相当于在初始项目实施成本的76.2％大约10年，年收益率为7.6％。该回报率可与私营部门投资者针对的大多数资产类别的回报率媲美。缩放后的结果包括修复印尼约600,000公顷废弃池塘所产生的净排放量减少和减少的潜力，可能抵消−16.56±102万Mg CO ₂-e每年每公顷。此外，如果考虑到底栖藻类的固存和溶解性碳在海洋中的固存，位于池塘中同时显示高基准排放量和高再生长率的池塘，恢复带来的缓解效益可能相当于陆地项目的6倍。这些发现加强了公共和私营部门支持森林碳部门内红树林恢复所需的证据基础。