Water scarcity has become a crucial environmental issue worldwide. It has increased substantially in the last decades in many parts of the world, and it is expected to further exacerbate in the future driven by socio-economic and climatic changes. Several solution options could be implemented to address this growing water scarcity, including supply and demand-side management options that span the water, energy, and agricultural sectors. However, these options involve tradeoffs among various societal objectives, especially when the interactions between these objectives are not properly considered. This paper provides a review of the impending water scarcity challenges and suggests assessing water scarcity solution options using a nexus modeling framework that links well-established sectoral-oriented models.

缺水已成为全球范围内至关重要的环境问题。在过去的几十年中，世界许多地方的人口数量大大增加，并且由于社会经济和气候变化的驱动，预计未来还会进一步加剧。可以实施一些解决方案来解决这种日益严重的水资源短缺问题，包括涵盖水，能源和农业部门的供需方管理方案。但是，这些选择涉及各种社会目标之间的权衡，特别是当这些目标之间的相互作用没有得到适当考虑时。本文提供了对即将来临的水资源短缺挑战的回顾，并建议使用将成熟的部门导向模型联系起来的联系建模框架来评估水资源短缺解决方案的选择。