Abstract Difficulties in generating woody perennial fruit trees and a lack of molecular markers have impeded functional analysis of agronomically important genes and genetic engineering for improved fruit cultivars. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology has been applied in editing fruit tree genomes, providing timely opportunities for studying the functions of the genes in fruit development and stress tolerance. It also leads to the new era of genetic engineering of fruit trees. In this review, we intend to present recent progress in the application of CRISPR to genome editing of fruit trees. We reviewed the most widely used CRISPR systems developed in other plant species that may be adopted for fruit trees and describe three genetic transformation methods used for fruit trees that have potential application value for different CRISPR systems. We also discuss the potential of the CRISPR system to study basic fruit tree biology and for precision fruit tree breeding.

中文翻译：

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果树育种中成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）基因组编辑技术的当前进展和未来前景

摘要 多年生木本果树的产生困难和分子标记的缺乏阻碍了重要农艺基因的功能分析和改良果树品种的基因工程。成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）技术已应用于编辑果树基因组，为研究基因在果实发育和抗逆性中的功能提供了及时的机会。也开创了果树基因工程的新时代。在这篇综述中，我们打算介绍 CRISPR 在果树基因组编辑中应用的最新进展。我们回顾了在其他植物物种中开发的最广泛使用的可用于果树的 CRISPR 系统，并描述了用于果树的三种遗传转化方法，它们对不同的 CRISPR 系统具有潜在的应用价值。我们还讨论了 CRISPR 系统在研究基本果树生物学和精确果树育种方面的潜力。