Ultranarrow Linewidth Photonic‐Atomic Laser,Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Ultranarrow Linewidth Photonic‐Atomic Laser
Laser & Photonics Reviews ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1002/lpor.201900293
Wei Zhang ₁ , Liron Stern ₁ , David Carlson ₁ , Douglas Bopp ₁ , Zachary Newman ₁ , Songbai Kang ₁ , John Kitching ₁ , Scott B. Papp _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Lasers with high spectral purity can enable a diverse application space, including precision spectroscopy, coherent high‐speed communications, physical sensing, and manipulation of quantum systems. Already, meticulous design and construction of bench Fabry–Perot cavities has made possible dramatic achievements in active laser‐linewidth reduction, predominantly for optical‐atomic clocks. Yet, there is increasing demand for miniaturized laser systems operating with high performance in ambient environments. Here, a compact and robust photonic‐atomic laser comprising a 2.5 centimeter long, 20 000 finesse, monolithic Fabry–Perot cavity integrated with a micromachined rubidium vapor cell is presented. By leveraging the short‐time frequency stability of the cavity and the long‐time frequency stability of atoms, an ultranarrow‐linewidth laser that enables integration for extended measurements is realized. Specifically, the laser supports a fractional‐frequency stability of

1 \times 10^{- 13}

at an averaging time of 20 millisecond,

7 \times 10^{- 13}

at 300 second, an integrated linewidth of 25 Hz that results from thermal noise, frequency noise floor as low as 0.06 Hz² Hz⁻¹, and a passive vibration immunity as low as 10⁻¹⁰ g⁻¹. The present work explores hybrid laser systems with monolithic photonic and atomic packages based on physical design.

中文翻译：

超窄线宽光子原子激光器

具有高光谱纯度的激光器可以提供广泛的应用空间，包括精密光谱学，相干高速通信，物理传感和量子系统操纵。精细的法布里-珀罗型腔设计和制造已经在主动减小激光线宽（主要是用于光学原子钟）方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。然而，对在环境中以高性能运行的小型化激光系统的需求不断增长。在这里，展示了一个紧凑而坚固的光子原子激光器，该激光器包括一个2.5厘米长，2万个精细的单片Fabry-Perot腔，并集成了微机械rub蒸气池。通过利用腔的短期频率稳定性和原子的长期频率稳定性，实现了一种超窄线宽激光器，可以进行扩展的测量。具体来说，激光器支持的分数频率稳定性为