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Diffusive transport of nanoscale objects through cell membranes: a computational perspective.
Soft Matter ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-29 , DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02338k
Ziyang Xu 1 , Lijuan Gao 1 , Pengyu Chen 1 , Li-Tang Yan 1
Affiliation  

Diffusion is an essential and fundamental means of transport of substances on cell membranes, and the dynamics of biomembranes plays a crucial role in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. The understanding of the complex mechanisms and the nature of particle diffusion have a bearing on establishing guidelines for the design of efficient transport materials and unique therapeutic approaches. Herein, this review article highlights the most recent advances in investigating diffusion dynamics of nanoscale objects on biological membranes, focusing on the approaches of tailored computer simulations and theoretical analysis. Due to the presence of the complicated and heterogeneous environment on native cell membranes, the diffusive transport behaviors of nanoparticles exhibit unique and variable characteristics. The general aspects and basic theories of normal diffusion and anomalous diffusion have been introduced. In addition, the influence of a series of external and internal factors on the diffusion behaviors is discussed, including particle size, membrane curvature, particle-membrane interactions or particle-inclusion, and the crowding degree of membranes. Finally, we seek to identify open problems in the existing experimental, simulation, and theoretical research studies, and to propose challenges for future development.

中文翻译:

纳米级物体通过细胞膜的扩散运输:一种计算角度。

扩散是物质在细胞膜上运输的必不可少的基本手段,生物膜的动力学在众多细胞过程的调节中起着至关重要的作用。对复杂机制和粒子扩散性质的理解与建立有效运输材料和独特治疗方法的设计指南有关。本文中,这篇综述文章重点介绍了研究纳米尺度物体在生物膜上的扩散动力学方面的最新进展,重点是量身定制的计算机模拟和理论分析方法。由于天然细胞膜上存在复杂多样的环境,纳米颗粒的扩散运输行为表现出独特而可变的特性。介绍了正态扩散和反常扩散的一般方面和基本理论。此外,讨论了一系列外部和内部因素对扩散行为的影响,包括粒径,膜曲率,颗粒-膜间相互作用或颗粒-夹杂物以及膜的拥挤程度。最后,我们寻求在现有的实验,仿真和理论研究中找出未解决的问题,并为未来的发展提出挑战。
更新日期:2020-03-02
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