Electron spin resonance-scanning tunneling microscopy (ESR-STM) is a rapidly developing surface-science technique that is sensitive to a single spin existing on or nearby a solid surface. The single spin is detected through elevated noise at the Larmor frequency that appears when the single spin participates in the tunneling process between the tip and the surface. In this review, experimental and theoretical works which have been performed up to date on ESR-STM are reviewed. The remaining experimental problems which have to be solved, possible approaches to differentiate between different mechanisms and the future of ESR-STM are discussed.\ PACS: 72.25.Dc Spin polarized transport in semiconductors, 72.70.+m Noise processes and phenomena, 73.20.Hb Impurity and defect levels; energy states of adsorbed species, 73.40.Gk Tunneling, 75.70.Rf Surface magnetism, 75.76.+j Spin transport effects, 76.30.-v Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation, 78.47.-p Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics

中文翻译：

---

电子自旋共振扫描隧道显微镜

电子自旋共振扫描隧道显微镜 (ESR-STM) 是一种快速发展的表面科学技术，它对固体表面上或附近存在的单个自旋很敏感。当单旋参与尖端和表面之间的隧穿过程时，会出现拉莫尔频率的升高噪声，从而检测到单旋。在这篇评论中，回顾了最新在 ESR-STM 上进行的实验和理论工作。讨论了必须解决的剩余实验问题、区分不同机制的可能方法以及 ESR-STM 的未来。\ PACS：72.25.Dc 半导体中的自旋极化传输，72.70.+m 噪声过程和现象，73.20。 Hb 杂质和缺陷水平；吸附物质的能量状态，73.40.Gk 隧道，75.70。