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CD200 maintains the region-specific phenotype of microglia in the midbrain and its role in Parkinson's disease.
Glia ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-29 , DOI: 10.1002/glia.23811
Le Wang 1 , Xiaoli Gong 2 , Yang Liu 1 , Tianshu Du 1 , Zhen Zhang 1 , Ting Zhang 1 , Xiaomin Wang 1
Affiliation  

Microglia are a specialized population of tissue macrophages in the mammalian brain. Microglial phenotype is tightly regulated by local environmental factors, although little is known about these factors and their region‐preferred roles in regulating local neuroinflammatory responses. We hypothesized that microglia in different brain regions respond differently to neuroinflammatory stimulation and that CD200, an anti‐inflammatory protein mainly originated from neurons, acts as a local cue inhibiting microglia activation in the midbrain. We utilized a CD200‐deficient mouse line to analyze the phenotypic role of CD200 in the regulation of normal neuron–microglia homeostasis in the midbrain and in the dopaminergic degeneration in an α‐synuclein overexpression model of PD. We found that systemic administration of an endotoxin lipopolysaccharide induced a region‐preferred change in CD200 expression in the midbrain. Similarly, CD200−/− mice showed a regional preference in an enhancement of microglia activation and baseline inflammatory levels in the midbrain and dopamine neuron loss in the substantia nigra (SN). In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by rAAV‐hSYN injection into the SN, CD200−/− mice showed more dopamine neuron loss in the SN than wild type mice. Activation of CD200 receptors with a CD200 fusion protein alleviated the neuroinflammation and neuronal death in the SN of PD mice. These findings demonstrate that CD200 is essential for the midbrain homeostasis and acts as a critical local regulator in controlling microglial properties related to the PD pathogenesis.

中文翻译:

CD200 维持中脑小胶质细胞的区域特异性表型及其在帕金森病中的作用。

小胶质细胞是哺乳动物大脑中组织巨噬细胞的特殊群体。小胶质细胞表型受局部环境因素的严格调节,尽管对这些因素及其在调节局部神经炎症反应中的区域偏好作用知之甚少。我们假设不同大脑区域的小胶质细胞对神经炎症刺激的反应不同,并且 CD200 是一种主要来源于神经元的抗炎蛋白,作为抑制中脑小胶质细胞激活的局部线索。我们利用 CD200 缺陷小鼠系来分析 CD200 在调节中脑正常神经元-小胶质细胞稳态和 PD α-突触核蛋白过表达模型中的多巴胺能变性中的表型作用。我们发现内毒素脂多糖的全身给药诱导了中脑 CD200 表达的区域偏好变化。同样,CD200-/-小鼠在中脑中小胶质细胞激活和基线炎症水平的增强以及黑质 (SN) 中多巴胺神经元丢失方面表现出区域偏好。在通过将 rAAV-hSYN 注射到 SN 诱导的帕金森病 (PD) 小鼠模型中,CD200 -/-小鼠在 SN 中表现出比野生型小鼠更多的多巴胺神经元丢失。用 CD200 融合蛋白激活 CD200 受体减轻了 PD 小鼠 SN 的神经炎症和神经元死亡。这些发现表明,CD200 对中脑稳态至关重要,并且在控制与 PD 发病机制相关的小胶质细胞特性方面起着关键的局部调节剂的作用。
更新日期:2020-02-29
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