Abstract Filling ecological and social data gaps for small-scale fisheries is crucial for global conservation of shark species. In 2016, international protection of vulnerable smooth hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna zygaena) resulted in a seasonal fishing ban to protect juvenile sharks in Peru's small-scale fisheries. Richer data on the fisheries' social-ecological dynamics are necessary to understand fishery impacts and the ban's efficacy. Semi-structured interviews with 88 Peruvian gillnetters revealed that fishers are cognizant of their impacts on the hammerhead population and further, that historical fishery impacts on the species are more severe than reflected in official records. On balance, respondents welcome conservation measures: 76% of respondents were in favor of the ban. However, most respondents also voiced objections to the ban, with unfairness emerging as a central theme including with regards to impracticality, economic severity, ecological necessity, and the burden of compliance. These objections may directly and indirectly stem from a lack of transparency and fisher participation in the ban development-and-implementation process. Fishers suggested alternative or additional options for hammerhead management, such as minimum sizes or dynamic “move-on” spatial closures. These results point to the benefits of a participatory process that engages fishers in practical and more equitable conservation solutions.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁双髻鲨保护的渔民解决方案

摘要 填补小规模渔业的生态和社会数据空白对于全球鲨鱼物种保护至关重要。2016 年，对脆弱的双髻鲨 (Sphyrna zygaena) 的国际保护导致了季节性捕鱼禁令，以保护秘鲁小规模渔业中的幼鲨。要了解渔业的影响和禁令的效力，需要更丰富的渔业社会生态动态数据。对 88 名秘鲁刺网渔民的半结构化采访显示，渔民意识到它们对锤头鲨种群的影响，而且历史渔业对该物种的影响比官方记录中反映的更为严重。总的来说，受访者欢迎保护措施：76% 的受访者支持禁令。然而，大多数受访者还对禁令表示反对，不公平正在成为一个中心主题，包括不切实际、经济严重性、生态必要性和合规负担。这些反对意见可能直接或间接源于缺乏透明度和渔民参与禁令制定和实施过程。Fishers 建议了锤头管理的替代或附加选项，例如最小尺寸或动态“移动”空间封闭。这些结果表明参与式过程的好处是让渔民参与实际和更公平的保护解决方案。这些反对意见可能直接或间接源于缺乏透明度和渔民参与禁令制定和实施过程。Fishers 建议了锤头管理的替代或附加选项，例如最小尺寸或动态“移动”空间封闭。这些结果表明，让渔民参与实际和更公平的保护解决方案的参与式过程的好处。这些反对意见可能直接或间接源于缺乏透明度和渔民参与禁令制定和实施过程。Fishers 建议了锤头管理的替代或附加选项，例如最小尺寸或动态“移动”空间封闭。这些结果表明参与式过程的好处是让渔民参与实际和更公平的保护解决方案。