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Experiences of racial discrimination and cardiometabolic risk among Australian children
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.02.012
Naomi Priest 1 , Mandy Truong 1 , Shiau Chong 1 , Yin Paradies 2 , Tania L King 3 , Anne Kavanagh 3 , Tim Olds 4 , Jeffrey M Craig 5 , David Burgner 6
Affiliation  

Cardiometabolic disease is a leading cause of adult morbidity and mortality globally. There is considerable evidence that childhood adversity is associated with markers of cardiometabolic disease risk in childhood, including obesity, blood pressure trajectories, and chronic inflammation. Experiences of racial discrimination may be an important, yet under explored, form of childhood adversity influencing childhood cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to examine associations between self-reported racial discrimination and cardiometabolic risk markers among children. A total of 124 children (73 female) aged 11.4 years (SD 0.71) participated in the study. Most children (n=79) identified as being from an Indigenous or an ethnic minority background. Markers of cardiometabolic risk were BMI, waist circumference, weight height ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and five inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- α). Results showed that two or more reported experiences of racial discrimination were associated with increased BMI z-score (b 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99), waist circumference (b 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1), systolic blood pressure (b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) and IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) and marginally associated with TNF-α (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54) after adjusting for socio-demographic covariates. Findings from this study suggest the need to address racism and racial discrimination as important social determinants of cardiometabolic risk and of the inequitable burden of cardiometabolic disease experienced by those from Indigenous and minoritized ethnic backgrounds.

中文翻译:

澳大利亚儿童的种族歧视经历和心脏代谢风险

心脏代谢疾病是全球成人发病率和死亡率的主要原因。有大量证据表明,儿童期逆境与儿童期心脏代谢疾病风险的标志物有关,包括肥胖、血压轨迹和慢性炎症。种族歧视的经历可能是影响儿童心脏代谢风险的一种重要但尚未得到探索的儿童逆境形式。本研究旨在检查儿童自我报告的种族歧视与心脏代谢风险标志物之间的关联。共有 124 名 11.4 岁 (SD 0.71) 的儿童(73 名女性)参与了这项研究。大多数儿童 (n=79) 被确定为来自土著或少数民族背景。心脏代谢风险的标志物是 BMI、腰围、体重身高比、收缩压和舒张压,以及五种炎症标志物(C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素 (IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-8 和 TNF-α)。结果表明,两次或两次以上报告的种族歧视经历与 BMI z 值 (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99)、腰围 (b = 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 ( b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 并且在调整社会因素后与 TNF-α 略有相关性 (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54)人口统计协变量。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。和五种炎症标志物(C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素 (IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-8 和 TNF-α)。结果表明,两次或两次以上报告的种族歧视经历与 BMI z 值 (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99)、腰围 (b = 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 ( b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 并且在调整社会因素后与 TNF-α 略有相关性 (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54)人口统计协变量。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。和五种炎症标志物(C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素 (IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-8 和 TNF-α)。结果表明,两次或两次以上报告的种族歧视经历与 BMI z 值 (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99)、腰围 (b = 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 ( b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 并且在调整社会因素后与 TNF-α 略有相关性 (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54)人口统计协变量。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。和 TNF-α)。结果表明,两次或两次以上报告的种族歧视经历与 BMI z 值 (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99)、腰围 (b = 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 ( b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 并且在调整社会因素后与 TNF-α 略有相关性 (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54)人口统计协变量。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。和 TNF-α)。结果表明,两次或两次以上报告的种族歧视经历与 BMI z 值 (b = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.99)、腰围 (b = 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 ( b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 并且在调整社会因素后与 TNF-α 略有相关性 (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54)人口统计协变量。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。腰围 (b 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 (b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 与 TNF 略有相关-α (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54) 在调整社会人口协变量后。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。腰围 (b 4.91cm, 95% CI 0.71, 9.1)、收缩压 (b 2.07mmHg, 95% CI 0.43, 3.71) 和 IL-6 (b 0.13, 95% CI 0.00, 0.27) 与 TNF 略有相关-α (b 0.22, 95% CI -0.09, 0.54) 在调整社会人口协变量后。这项研究的结果表明,需要将种族主义和种族歧视作为心脏代谢风险的重要社会决定因素以及土著和少数族裔背景的人所经历的心脏代谢疾病的不公平负担来解决。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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