This article deals with product Family: a group of products with similar modules produced based on assembling to order (ATO) approach to cover diverse customer needs. The demand level and the customer requirements of these products are dynamically changing, which necessitate a novel model for co-reconfiguration of the product family (PF) and the supply chain (SC). Therefore, this article aims to apply Leader–follower Stackelberg Game Theory in order to present a co-reconfiguration of PF and SC based on three objectives: maximizing the total profit, maximizing customer utility and minimizing the supply chain cost in a bi-level structure. Maximizing the total profit and maximizing customer utility are the two objectives of the Leader problem for product family reconfiguration, which results in the optimal selection of components, modules, and product variants. The upper-level problem is considered as a multi-objective problem with the aforementioned two objectives. The lower level of this problem intends to reconfigure the supply chain with the objective of minimizing the supply chain costs, and therefore, to reach the optimal selection of suppliers, manufacturers, assembly plant, distribution centers, and retailers. A bi-level multi-objective linear programming problem (B-MOLP) is used to model the game of the leader–follower. A new particle swarm optimization algorithm, called bi-level multi-objective PSO (B-MOPSO), is developed to solve the proposed bi-level multi-objective model. To show the validity of the proposed model and the efficiency of our algorithm, a case study at a mountain bike industry is investigated. Finally, results in some managerial implications are obtained through sensitivity analysis.

本文涉及产品系列：这是一组具有类似模块的产品，这些产品基于按订单组装（ATO）的方法生产，可以满足各种客户需求。这些产品的需求水平和客户需求是动态变化的，这就需要一种新颖的模型来对产品系列（PF）和供应链（SC）进行重新配置。因此，本文旨在应用领导者跟随者Stackelberg博弈论，以提出基于以下三个目标的PF和SC的重新配置：最大化总利润，最大化客户效用以及最小化双层结构中的供应链成本。最大化总利润和最大化客户效用是产品系列重新配置的Leader问题的两个目标，这导致对组件，模块，和产品变体。上层问题被认为是具有上述两个目标的多目标问题。此问题的下级意图是为了最小化供应链成本而重新配置供应链，从而达到对供应商，制造商，装配厂，分销中心和零售商的最佳选择。双层多目标线性规划问题（B-MOLP）用于对领导者跟从者的博弈进行建模。为解决所提出的双层多目标模型，提出了一种新的粒子群优化算法，称为双层多目标PSO（B-MOPSO）。为了证明所提出模型的有效性和算法的有效性，以山地自行车行业为例进行了研究。最后，