Abstract Ureteral catheters are a fundamental part of the modern urologist's armamentarium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used for the first time as a powerful analytical tool for the study of the chemical composition of nephrostomy catheters retrieved from patients who had undergone nephrostomy to detect their chemical deterioration inside the human body. Depth profile analysis provided not only the composition of the surface but also that of the catheter bulk. The results obtained by XPS showed the presence of calcium and other ions, such as phosphorus, sulphur and fluorine in the explanted deteriorated catheters. The detection of barium on the surface of all the retrieved catheters has special relevance. This chemical element is usually incorporated as a radiomarker in the catheter polymeric matrix and its diffusion from the bulk material to the surface must be responsible for its XPS detection. The accumulation of high levels of this element from toxic barium salts in cases of urine drainage failure could lead to its adsorption from the surrounding tissues into the patient's body, thus compromising the safety concentrations of this soft alkaline earth metal.

中文翻译：

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通过 X 射线光电子能谱研究外植恶化的肾造口聚氨酯导管的化学成分

摘要 输尿管导管是现代泌尿科医师设备的基本组成部分。X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 首次被用作强大的分析工具，用于研究从接受肾造瘘术的患者身上取回的肾造瘘术导管的化学成分，以检测其在人体内的化学劣化。深度剖面分析不仅提供了表面的组成，还提供了导管主体的组成。XPS 获得的结果表明，在移植的劣化导管中存在钙和其他离子，如磷、硫和氟。所有回收的导管表面钡的检测具有特殊的意义。这种化学元素通常作为放射性标记掺入导管聚合物基质中，它从散装材料扩散到表面必须负责 XPS 检测。在排尿失败的情况下，有毒钡盐中高浓度的这种元素会导致其从周围组织吸附到患者体内，从而影响这种软碱土金属的安全浓度。