The catalytic performance of zeolite is significantly influenced by the steric constraints and acid property of its active acid sites that resulted from the isomorphous substitution of aluminum (Al) for silicon (Si) in lattice sites. A clear understanding on the relationship of synthesis-Al distribution-catalytic property would be beneficial to the design of zeolite catalyst with desirable acid site distribution for specific reactions. Therefore, recent experimental and theoretical research progresses on the control of Al siting or acid site distribution in zeolite framework are reviewed here with the focus on the effects of gel compositions, including structure-directing agents, Si/Al sources, charge-balance cations and heteroatoms, which are investigated by various spectroscopy techniques, for example, ²⁹Si and ²⁷Al MQ/MAS NMR spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance (DR) UV–vis spectroscopy of Co-exchanged samples and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, model catalytic tests and DFT calculations.

沸石的催化性能受到其活性酸位的空间位阻和酸性质的显着影响，这是由晶格位中的铝（Al）同质替代硅（Si）而导致的。清楚地了解合成铝的分布与催化性能之间的关系将有助于设计具有特定反应所需酸位分布的沸石催化剂。因此，本文综述了控制沸石骨架中Al的位置或酸位分布的最新实验和理论研究进展，重点是凝胶组成的影响，包括结构导向剂，Si / Al源，电荷平衡阳离子和杂原子，可通过各种光谱技术进行研究，例如²⁹Si和²⁷ Al MQ / MAS NMR光谱，共交换样品的漫反射（UV）可见光谱和扩展的X射线吸收精细结构光谱，模型催化测试和DFT计算。