If a threat cannot be avoided, the organism has two defense options: it can try to eliminate the threatening agent or boost physiological mechanisms to tolerate the challenge and its consequences. Both strategies can be (and usually are) used at the same time. Fighting an infection, for instance, requires mounting immune responses to control pathogen burden, as well as physiologic adaptations to tolerate stress and damage. Thus, the two strategies are connected and interdependent. We are starting to understand how the regulation of host metabolic physiology during disease impacts both the ability to resist pathogens' burden and tolerate parenchymal tissue functional damage. Here, we review a number of recent publications that have begun to shed light on the physiological and immunological mechanisms that coordinate host defense and metabolic processes. In particular, we will cover the areas of energetic control, substrates utilization and the regulatory signals that promote infectious disease tolerance. Host immune defenses and the function parenchymal tissues need to be coordinated during disease; optimal coordination requires the activation of several physiologic and metabolic control processes that promote disease tolerance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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免疫反应和生理调节之间的十字路口：抵抗力与疾病耐受力的代谢控制。

如果无法避免威胁，则有机体有两种防御选择：可以尝试消除威胁因素或增强生理机制以耐受挑战及其后果。两种策略可以（并且通常）同时使用。例如，与感染作斗争需要加强免疫反应以控制病原体负担，并需要生理适应以耐受压力和损害。因此，这两种策略是相互联系和相互依存的。我们开始了解疾病期间宿主代谢生理的调节如何影响抵抗病原体负担和耐受实质组织功能损害的能力。这里，我们回顾了许多最近的出版物，这些出版物开始阐明协调宿主防御和代谢过程的生理和免疫机制。特别是，我们将涵盖能量控制，底物利用和促进传染病耐受性的调控信号等领域。疾病期间需要协调宿主的免疫防御和实质组织的功能；最佳协调需要激活一些促进疾病耐受的生理和代谢控制过程。本文受版权保护。版权所有。疾病期间需要协调宿主的免疫防御和实质组织的功能；最佳协调需要激活一些促进疾病耐受的生理和代谢控制过程。本文受版权保护。版权所有。疾病期间需要协调宿主的免疫防御和实质组织的功能；最佳协调需要激活一些促进疾病耐受的生理和代谢控制过程。本文受版权保护。版权所有。