Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important for tissue homeostasis and for the initiation of immune responses. Based on their transcriptional regulation and cytokine profiles, ILCs can be categorized into five subsets with defined phenotypes and functional profiles, but they also have the ability to adapt to local environmental cues by changing these profiles. This plasticity raises the question of the extent to which the cytokine production profiles of ILCs are pre-programmed or are a reflection of the tissue microenvironment. Here, we review recent advances in research on ILCs, with a focus on the plasticity of these cells. We highlight the ability of ILCs to communicate with the surrounding microenvironment and discuss the possible consequences of ILC plasticity for our understanding of the biological roles of these cells. Finally, we discuss how we might use this knowledge of ILC plasticity to develop or improve options for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译：

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先天性淋巴样细胞亚群的可塑性。

先天性淋巴样细胞（ILCs）对于组织稳态和免疫应答的启动很重要。根据其转录调控和细胞因子谱，ILC可以分为具有明确表型和功能谱的五个子集，但它们也可以通过更改这些谱来适应局部环境提示。这种可塑性提出了以下问题：ILC的细胞因子产生图谱被预先编程的程度，或者反映了组织微环境。在这里，我们回顾了ILCs的最新研究进展，重点是这些细胞的可塑性。我们强调了ILC与周围微环境通讯的能力，并讨论了ILC可塑性对我们理解这些细胞生物学作用的可能后果。最后，