Trypanosoma brucei spp. cause African human and animal trypanosomiasis, a burden on health and economy in Africa. These hemoflagellates are distinguished by a kinetoplast nucleoid containing mitochondrial DNAs of two kinds: maxicircles encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins and minicircles bearing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for mRNA editing. All RNAs are produced by a phage-type RNA polymerase as 3′ extended precursors, which undergo exonucleolytic trimming. Most pre-mRNAs proceed through 3′ adenylation, uridine insertion/deletion editing, and 3′ A/U-tailing. The rRNAs and gRNAs are 3′ uridylated. Historically, RNA editing has attracted major research effort, and recently essential pre- and postediting processing events have been discovered. Here, we classify the key players that transform primary transcripts into mature molecules and regulate their function and turnover.

布氏锥虫属导致非洲人类和动物锥虫病，给非洲的健康和经济造成负担。这些血鞭毛虫的特点是动质体核仁含有两种线粒体 DNA：编码核糖体 RNA (rRNA) 和蛋白质的大环，以及带有用于 mRNA 编辑的引导 RNA (gRNA) 的小环。所有 RNA 均由噬菌体型 RNA 聚合酶作为 3' 延伸前体产生，并经过核酸外切修剪。大多数 mRNA 前体都会经历 3' 腺苷酸化、尿苷插入/删除编辑和 3' A/U 加尾。 rRNA 和 gRNA 被 3' 尿苷酸化。从历史上看，RNA 编辑吸引了大量研究工作，最近发现了重要的编辑前和编辑后处理事件。在这里，我们对将初级转录物转化为成熟分子并调节其功能和周转的关键参与者进行了分类。