This study critically reviews the mechanism of CO₂ hydrogenation over Ni, Ru, and Cu, and the effect of catalyst properties and operating conditions on reaction kinetics. Most studies have reported the presence of CO and formate species on Ni-, Ru-, and Cu-based catalysts, where subsequent conversion of these species depends on the type of catalyst and the physicochemical properties of the catalyst support. Methane is the major product that forms during CO₂ hydrogenation over Ni and Ru catalysts, while methanol and CO are mainly produced on Cu catalysts. A different approach for catalyst formulations and/or process development is required where long chain hydrocarbons are desired.

这项研究批判性地回顾了Ni，Ru和Cu上CO ₂加氢的机理，以及催化剂性能和操作条件对反应动力学的影响。大多数研究报告了在镍，钌和铜基催化剂上存在CO和甲酸盐类物质，其中这些物质的后续转化取决于催化剂的类型和催化剂载体的理化性质。甲烷是在Ni和Ru催化剂上进行CO ₂加氢过程中形成的主要产物，而甲醇和CO主要在Cu催化剂上产生。在需要长链烃的情况下，需要用于催化剂配方和/或方法开发的不同方法。