Classical biological control (also called importation biological control) of weeds has a remarkable track record for efficiency and safety, but further improvement is still needed, particularly to account for potential evolutionary changes after release. Here, we discuss the increasing yet limited evidence of post-introduction evolution and describe approaches to predict evolutionary change. Recent advances include using experimental evolution studies over several generations that combine -omics tools with behavioral bioassays. This novel approach in weed biocontrol is well suited to explore the potential for rapid evolutionary change in real-time and thus can be used to estimate more accurately potential benefits and risks of agents before their importation. We outline this approach with a chrysomelid beetle used to control invasive common ragweed.

杂草的经典生物防治（也称为输入生物防治）在效率和安全性方面有着骄人的记录，但仍需要进一步改进，尤其是考虑到释放后潜在的进化变化。在这里，我们讨论了引入后进化的越来越有限的证据，并描述了预测进化变化的方法。最近的进展包括结合了-omics的几代人的实验进化研究行为生物测定的工具。杂草生物防治中的这种新颖方法非常适合于实时探索快速进化变化的潜力，因此可用于更准确地估算药剂在进口之前的潜在收益和风险。我们概述了一种用金龟子甲虫来控制侵入性豚草的方法。