Understanding the molecular mechanism of lithium deposition for practical high-energy lithium-metal batteries,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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Understanding the molecular mechanism of lithium deposition for practical high-energy lithium-metal batteries
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020/02/27 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ta01044h
Nan Xu _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Linlin Li _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Yi He _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Yang Tong _{4,

6,

7,

8} , Yingying Lu _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Lithium metal is considered as one of the most promising anode candidates for high-energy lithium-based batteries. However, batteries using lithium metal encounter many issues, such as lithium dendrite formation and huge volume fluctuation. These issues become significant when using ultra-thin lithium metal anodes in order to achieve a specific energy higher than 350 W h kg⁻¹. Many current studies focus on materials designs of solid electrolyte interfaces and 3D lithium hosts, but there have been few accounts of anode design principles. In this work, the interaction energy between Li and the anode substrate, the diffusion barrier of Li ions near the anode substrate, and the morphology of the substrate are found to be critical factors to achieve uniform lithium deposition. Furthermore, the mechanisms of nucleation and growth of lithium are presented at the molecular level from both thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives. This understanding of the mechanism is expected to help choose and design current collectors and artificial SEIs for stable cycling performance in advanced metal-based battery systems.

中文翻译：

了解实用高能锂金属电池中锂沉积的分子机理

金属锂被认为是高能锂基电池最有希望的负极材料之一。然而，使用锂金属的电池遇到许多问题，例如锂枝晶形成和巨大的体积波动。当使用超薄锂金属阳极以实现高于350 W h kg ^-1的比能时，这些问题变得尤为重要。当前许多研究集中在固体电解质界面和3D锂主体的材料设计上，但是很少有关于阳极设计原理的说明。在这项工作中，发现锂与阳极基底之间的相互作用能，锂离子在阳极基底附近的扩散势垒以及基底的形态是实现均匀锂沉积的关键因素。此外，从热力学和动力学的角度在分子水平上提出了锂的成核和生长机理。这种对机理的理解有望帮助选择和设计集电器和人造SEI，以在高级金属基电池系统中实现稳定的循环性能。

更新日期：2020-04-01

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