BACKGROUND This study determined the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV among HIV positive women with placenta malaria and factors associated with placenta malaria. METHODS This was a prospective observational study of booked HIV positive pregnant women in labour. A smear for malaria parasite was made from blood taken from the placental tissue post-delivery. The baby HIV testing was done with DNA polymerase chain reaction at 6 weeks postpartum. Data on age, parity, gestational age, religion, address, highest educational attainment and knowledge about malaria prevention in pregnancy was obtained with questionnaires and analysed using SPSS version 20. The P-value was set at 0.05 providing a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS A total of 174 booked HIV women participated in this study. The placental malaria parasitaemia prevalence was 44.8%. Overall rate of MTCT of HIV infection was 17.2%. Number of infants with HIV infection among women with maternal placental malarial parasitaemia was 30/78 (38.5%), while it was 0/96 (0%) for women without placenta malaria. There was significant relationship between placenta malaria density and infant HIV status (P-value = 0.001). The relative risk for MTCT of HIV for women with placenta malaria Density > 5000 was 25% with 95% confidence interval of 11.41-54.76%. CONCLUSION The mother-to-child transmission rate of HIV was high among HIV positive women with placental malaria parasitaemia. There is the need to review the malarial treatment and prophylactic measures at least in this group of women and to establish the nature of relationship between placenta malaria and MTCT of HIV infection.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚东南部孕妇的胎盘疟疾与HIV感染母婴传播之间的关系。

背景技术这项研究确定了患有胎盘疟疾和与胎盘疟疾相关因素的HIV阳性妇女中HIV的母婴传播（MTCT）率。方法这是一项对预订的分娩HIV阳性孕妇进行的前瞻性观察研究。疟疾寄生虫涂片是从分娩后从胎盘组织中抽取的血液制成的。婴儿HIV检测是在产后6周通过DNA聚合酶链反应进行的。通过问卷调查获得有关年龄，胎次，胎龄，宗教信仰，住址，最高学历和关于疟疾预防的知识，并使用SPSS 20版进行分析。P值设置为0.05，置信区间为95％。结果共有174名预订的HIV妇女参加了这项研究。胎盘疟原虫病的患病率为44.8％。HIV感染的MTCT总体率为17.2％。孕妇胎盘疟疾寄生虫血症妇女中感染艾滋病毒的婴儿人数为30/78（38.5％），而无胎盘疟疾的妇女为0/96（0％）。胎盘疟疾密度与婴儿HIV状况之间存在显着相关性（P值= 0.001）。胎盘疟疾密度> 5000的女性患HIV的MTCT的相对风险为25％，95％的置信区间为11.41-54.76％。结论在患有胎盘疟疾寄生虫血症的艾滋病毒阳性妇女中，艾滋病毒的母婴传播率很高。至少有必要对这组妇女进行疟疾治疗和预防措施的审查，并确定胎盘疟疾与HIV感染的MTCT之间的关系。