Payments for ecosystem services (PES) have been heralded as an effective strategy to increase tree cover in agricultural landscapes, but their efficacy beyond the payment period has rarely been evaluated. I compared land covers before and 13 years after implementation of a short-term PES project that promoted the adoption of silvopastoral systems (SPS) in a cattle ranching landscape in Colombia. I used satellite images to quantify on-farm changes and farm-to-landscape differences in land cover change. On average, treeless pasture area decreased by 7% more and areas with tree cover increased 8% more on silvopastoral farms relative to the surrounding landscape. Short-term payments facilitated the adoption of SPS leading to a significantly greater increase in tree cover, which is still visible on participant farms a decade later. The results highlight the potential of short-term PES as a tool to facilitate the permanent adoption of SPS and to support restoration efforts in pasture-dominated landscapes.

生态系统服务（PES）的付款已被认为是增加农业景观树木覆盖率的有效策略，但是在付款期之后其功效却很少被评估。我比较了实施短期PES项目之前和之后13年的土地覆盖情况，该项目促进了哥伦比亚牧牛场采用林牧系统（SPS）。我使用卫星图像来量化农田变化和土地覆盖变化中农场到景观的差异。平均而言，牧草牧场的无树牧场面积减少了7％以上，树木覆盖面积增加了8％以上。短期付款促进了SPS的采用，导致树木覆盖率显着增加，十年后在参与者农场中仍然可见。