With the legendary saying of Leonardo da Vinci in the title, we suggest that Glucocorticoid Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) may have more promising effects against polymicrobial sepsis, than glucocorticoids (GC). Indeed, the use of GCs in sepsis remains a matter of debate. The rationale for their use in sepsis is to modulate the exaggerated inflammatory response while maintaining innate immunity. However, GC resistance and side-effects limit their therapeutic value in sepsis. Hence, there is a growing interest in understanding the mechanisms by which GCs modulate immune responses upon infection. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Ellouze et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2020. 50: XXXX-XXXX] provide data demonstrating that deregulated expression of GILZ, a GC-induced protein, in monocytes/macrophages (M/M) recovered from septic shock patients may contribute to the pathogenesis. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate that GILZ overexpression in M/M improves outcome in septic animals by limiting systemic inflammation while increasing bacterial clearance. Overall, these data provide evidence that GCs may modulate immune responses via GILZ and that GILZ is a valuable alternative for GC therapy in sepsis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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败血症的吉尔兹（GILZ）：“穷人没有超越主人”。

标题中有达芬奇的传奇传说，我们建议糖皮质激素诱导的亮氨酸拉链（GILZ）可能比糖皮质激素（GC）对多菌血症具有更有希望的作用。确实，在败血症中使用GC仍是一个争论的问题。在败血症中使用它们的基本原理是在维持先天免疫力的同时调节夸大的炎症反应。但是，GC耐药性和副作用限制了它们在败血症中的治疗价值。因此，人们越来越了解GC在感染后调节免疫反应的机制。在《欧洲免疫学杂志》的这一期中，Ellouze等人。[欧元。J.免疫。2020. 50：XXXX-XXXX]提供的数据表明，GC诱导的蛋白质GILZ的表达失控，从败血性休克患者中回收的单核细胞/巨噬细胞（M / M）中的这种作用可能与发病机理有关。此外，作者证明，M / M中的GILZ过表达可通过限制全身性炎症并增加细菌清除率来改善败血症动物的预后。总体而言，这些数据提供了证据，表明GC可能通过GILZ调节免疫反应，并且GILZ是脓毒症中GC治疗的宝贵替代品。本文受版权保护。版权所有。本文受版权保护。版权所有。本文受版权保护。版权所有。