Lithium metal is the most promising anode candidate because of its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity. Unfortunately, its high reactivity, uncontrolled dendrites, “dead lithium” formation, and infinite volume expansion hinder its commercial application. Herein, by in-situ constructing a multifunctional lithium-pinned array (m-LPA) endowed with functions of lithiophilicity, zoning effect and riveting effect on a surfacely phosphorized three-dimensional (3D) copper foam, a high reversible Li plating/stripping electrochemistry can be achieved. Benefiting from the m-LPA, lithium can uniformly plate/strip both on the surface and in the inner space of the 3D skeletons with improved morphology. Consequently, a high Coulombic efficiency (∼98.41%) could be achieved at 1 mA cm⁻² with 1 mAh cm⁻² for over 600 cycles (1200 h). Moreover, at a higher current density of 10 mA cm⁻² with 0.5 mAh cm⁻², a symmetric cell with [email protected] electrode could still stably cycle for 900 cycles. Finally, a full cell coupled with LiFePO₄ cathode displayed excellent rate performance with a lower overpotential. The conception and strategy of m-LPA, which were first proposed here, are a promising way to realize large-scale application of Li anode.

金属锂由于其极高的理论比容量而成为最有希望的阳极候选材料。不幸的是，它的高反应性，不受控制的树枝状结晶，“死锂”的形成以及无限的体积膨胀阻碍了其商业应用。在此，通过原位构建具有表面硫磷，表面磷化的三维（3D）泡沫铜的锂硫亲和性，分区效应和铆接作用的多功能锂钉阵列（m-LPA），可以实现高可逆的锂电镀/剥离可以实现。得益于m-LPA，锂可以在3D骨架的表面和内部空间中均匀地镀覆/剥离，从而改善形态。因此，在1 mA cm ^-2和1 mAh cm ^{-2的条件下}可以获得高库仑效率（〜98.41％）超过600个周期（1200小时）。此外，在具有0.5 mAh cm ^-2的10 mA cm ^-2的更高电流密度下，带有[电子邮件保护]电极的对称电池仍可以稳定地循环900个循环。最后，与LiFePO ₄阴极耦合的全电池显示出优异的倍率性能和较低的过电势。本文首先提出的m-LPA的概念和策略，是实现锂阳极大规模应用的有前途的途径。