The rapid increase in antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria has become a global threat, which besides the development of new drugs, requires rapid, cheap, scalable, and accurate diagnostics. Label free biosensors relying on electrochemical, mechanical, and mass based detection of whole bacterial cells have attempted to meet these requirements. However, the trade-off between selectivity and sensitivity of such sensors remains a key challenge. In particular, point-of-care diagnostics that are able to reduce and/or prevent unneeded antibiotic prescriptions require highly specific probes with sensitive and accurate transducers that can be miniaturized and multiplexed, and that are easy to operate and cheap. Towards achieving this goal, we present a number of advances in the use of graphene field effect transistors (G-FET) including the first use of peptide probes to electrically detect antibiotic resistant bacteria in a highly specific manner. In addition, we dramatically reduce the needed concentration for detection by employing dielectrophoresis for the first time in a G-FET, allowing us to monitor changes in the Dirac point due to individual bacterial cells. Specifically, we realized rapid binding of bacterial cells to a G-FET by electrical field guiding to the device to realize an overall 3 orders of magnitude decrease in cell-concentration enabling a single-cell detection limit, and 9-fold reduction in needed time to 5 min. Utilizing our new biosensor and procedures, we demonstrate the first selective, electrical detection of the pathogenic bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii on a single platform.

中文翻译：

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介电电泳通过G-FET辅助快速，选择性和单细胞检测抗生素抗性细菌。

抗生素抗性致病菌的迅速增加已成为全球性的威胁，除开发新药外，还需要快速，廉价，可扩展和准确的诊断。依靠电化学，机械和质量检测整个细菌细胞的无标记生物传感器已尝试满足这些要求。然而，这种传感器的选择性和灵敏度之间的权衡仍然是关键的挑战。尤其是，能够减少和/或预防不需要的抗生素处方的即时诊断，需要具有灵敏，准确的换能器的高度特异性探针，可以将其微型化和多路复用，并且易于操作且价格便宜。为了实现这个目标，我们介绍了石墨烯场效应晶体管（G-FET）的使用方面的许多进展，包括首次使用肽探针以高度特异性的方式电检测抗生素抗性细菌。此外，我们通过在G-FET中首次采用介电泳来大大降低检测所需的浓度，从而使我们能够监测由于单个细菌细胞而引起的狄拉克点的变化。具体而言，我们通过将电场引导至设备实现了细菌细胞与G-FET的快速结合，从而实现了细胞浓度整体3个数量级的降低，从而实现了单细胞检测极限，所需时间减少了9倍。到5分钟 利用我们的新生物传感器和程序，我们展示了第一个选择性，