OBJECTIVE Psychotic experiences affect more than 10% of children and often co-occur with nonpsychotic mental disorders. However, longitudinal studies of the outcome of psychotic experiences based on unbiased information on mental health service use and psychotropic medications are scarce. The authors investigated whether psychotic experiences at ages 11-12 predicted a psychiatric diagnosis or treatment with psychotropic medications by ages 16-17. METHODS In a longitudinal register-based follow-up study of the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000, a total of 1,632 children ages 11-12 were assessed for psychotic experiences in face-to-face interviews. The children were also assessed for mental disorders and IQ. National registries provided information on perinatal and sociodemographic characteristics, on psychiatric disorders diagnosed at child and adolescent mental health services, and on prescribed psychotropic medications through ages 16-17. RESULTS Among children who had not been previously diagnosed, and after adjustment for sociodemographic and perinatal adversities and IQ, psychotic experiences at ages 11-12 predicted receiving a psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent mental health services before ages 16-17 (adjusted hazard ratio=3.13, 95% CI=1.93, 5.07). The risk was increased if the child met criteria for a co-occurring mental disorder (not diagnosed in mental health settings) at baseline compared with no psychotic experiences or diagnosis at baseline (adjusted hazard ratio=7.85, 95% CI=3.94, 15.63), but having psychotic experiences alone still marked a significantly increased risk of later psychiatric diagnoses (adjusted hazard ratio=2.76, 95% CI=1.48, 5.13). Similar patterns were found for treatment with psychotropic medications. CONCLUSIONS Psychotic experiences in childhood predict mental health service use and use of psychotropic medications during adolescence. The study findings provide strong evidence that psychotic experiences in preadolescence index a transdiagnostic vulnerability for diagnosed psychopathology in adolescence.

中文翻译：

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精神病学前经历后的精神卫生服务使用和心理药物治疗。

目的精神病经历影响超过10％的儿童，并经常与非精神病性精神障碍同时发生。然而，基于精神卫生服务使用和精神药物的无偏见信息对精神病经历的结局进行纵向研究的情况很少。作者调查了11至12岁的精神病经验是否可以预测16至17岁的精神病诊断或使用精神药物治疗。方法在2000年哥本哈根儿童队列的一项基于纵向登记的随访研究中，通过面对面访谈对总共1,632名11-12岁的儿童进行了精神病学评估。还对儿童进行了精神障碍和智商评估。国家注册机构提供了有关围产期和社会人口统计学特征的信息，儿童和青少年心理健康服务机构诊断出的精神疾病，以及16至17岁之间的处方精神药物。结果在未曾被诊断过的儿童中，并经过社会人口统计学和围产期逆境和智商调整后，11-12岁的精神病经历预计在16-17岁之前接受儿童和青少年心理健康服务的精​​神病诊断（调整后的危险比= 3.13，95％CI = 1.93，5.07）。如果孩子在基线时符合同时发生的精神障碍（未在心理健康状况中诊断）的标准，而不是在基线时没有精神病经历或诊断（调整后的危险比= 7.85，95％CI = 3.94，15.63），则风险增加。 ，但仅具有精神病经历仍会显着增加以后进行精神病学诊断的风险（调整后的危险比= 2.76，95％CI = 1.48，5.13）。发现使用精神药物治疗的模式相似。结论儿童时期的精神病学经验可预测青少年时期的心理健康服务使用和精神药物的使用。这项研究结果提供了有力的证据，表明青春期前的精神病经历是青春期诊断出的精神病理学诊断的易变性。