In medical intensive care units, acute intoxications contribute to a large proportion of all patients. Epidemiology and a basic overview on this topic were presented in part one. The purpose of this second part regarding toxicological biomarkers in the ICU setting focuses on specific poisons and toxins. Following the introduction of anion and osmol gap in part one, it's relevance in toxic alcohols and other biomarkers for these poisonings are presented within this publication. Furthermore, the role of markers in the blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid for several intoxications is evaluated. Specific details are presented, amongst others, for cardiovascular drug poisoning, paracetamol (acetaminophen), ethanol, pesticides, ricin and yew tree intoxications. Detailed biomarkers and therapeutic decision tools are shown for carbon monoxide (CO) and cyanide (CN-) poisoning. Also, biomarkers in environmental toxicological situations such as mushroom poisoning and scorpion stings are presented.

中文翻译：

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重症患者急性中毒的诊断：关注生物标志物-第2部分：特定中毒的标志物。

在重症监护病房，急性中毒在所有患者中占很大比例。第一部分介绍了流行病学和有关该主题的基本概述。关于ICU环境中毒理学生物标志物的第二部分的目的侧重于特定的毒物和毒素。在第一部分中介绍了阴离子和渗透压差距之后，本出版物介绍了与这些中毒有关的有毒酒精和其他生物标记物的相关性。此外，还评估了标记物在血液，尿液和脑脊液中对于几种中毒的作用。除其他外，介绍了心血管药物中毒，扑热息痛（对乙酰氨基酚），乙醇，农药，蓖麻毒素和紫杉的中毒的具体细节。显示了针对一氧化碳（CO）和氰化物（CN-）中毒的详细生物标志物和治疗决策工具。此外，还介绍了在环境毒理学情况下的生物标记物，例如蘑菇中毒和蝎子st。