Biofabrication Strategies and Engineered In Vitro Systems for Vascular Mechanobiology.,Advanced Healthcare Materials

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Biofabrication Strategies and Engineered In Vitro Systems for Vascular Mechanobiology.
Advanced Healthcare Materials ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-25 , DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901255
Shantanu Pradhan _{1,

2} , Omar A Banda ₁ , Cindy J Farino ₁ , John L Sperduto ₁ , Keely A Keller ₁ , Ryan Taitano ₁ , John H Slater _{1,

3,

4}

Affiliation

The vascular system is integral for maintaining organ-specific functions and homeostasis. Dysregulation in vascular architecture and function can lead to various chronic or acute disorders. Investigation of the role of the vascular system in health and disease has been accelerated through the development of tissue-engineered constructs and microphysiological on-chip platforms. These in vitro systems permit studies of biochemical regulation of vascular networks and parenchymal tissue and provide mechanistic insights into the biophysical and hemodynamic forces acting in organ-specific niches. Detailed understanding of these forces and the mechanotransductory pathways involved is necessary to develop preventative and therapeutic strategies targeting the vascular system. This review describes vascular structure and function, the role of hemodynamic forces in maintaining vascular homeostasis, and measurement approaches for cell and tissue level mechanical properties influencing vascular phenomena. State-of-the-art techniques for fabricating in vitro microvascular systems, with varying degrees of biological and engineering complexity, are summarized. Finally, the role of vascular mechanobiology in organ-specific niches and pathophysiological states, and efforts to recapitulate these events using in vitro microphysiological systems, are explored. It is hoped that this review will help readers appreciate the important, but understudied, role of vascular-parenchymal mechanotransduction in health and disease toward developing mechanotherapeutics for treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

血管力学生物学的生物制造策略和体外工程系统。

血管系统对于维持器官特异性功能和体内平衡至关重要。血管结构和功能失调可导致各种慢性或急性疾病。通过组织工程结构和微生理芯片平台的开发，加速了对血管系统在健康和疾病中作用的研究。这些体外系统允许研究血管网络和实质组织的生化调节，并为作用于器官特异性生态位的生物物理和血流动力学提供机制见解。详细了解这些力和所涉及的机械传导途径对于制定针对血管系统的预防和治疗策略是必要的。这篇综述描述了血管的结构和功能、血流动力学在维持血管稳态中的作用，以及影响血管现象的细胞和组织水平机械特性的测量方法。总结了制造具有不同程度的生物和工程复杂性的体外微血管系统的最先进技术。最后，探讨了血管力学生物学在器官特异性生态位和病理生理状态中的作用，以及利用体外微生理系统重现这些事件的努力。希望这篇综述能够帮助读者认识到血管实质机械转导在健康和疾病中的重要但尚未充分研究的作用，以开发治疗策略的机械疗法。

更新日期：2020-04-21

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