Protein acetylation (KAC) is a significant post-translational modification, which plays an essential role in the regulation of growth and development. Unfortunately, related studies are inadequately available in angiosperms, and to date, there is no report providing insight on the role of protein acetylation in cotton fiber development. Therefore, we first compared the lysine-acetylation proteome (acetylome) of upland cotton ovules in the early fiber development stages by using wild-type as well as its fuzzless-lintless mutant to identify the role of KAC in the fiber development. A total of 1696 proteins with 2754 acetylation sites identified with the different levels of acetylation belonging to separate subcellular compartments suggesting a large number of proteins differentially acetylated in two cotton cultivars. About 80% of the sites were predicted to localize in the cytoplasm, chloroplast, and mitochondria. Seventeen significantly enriched acetylation motifs were identified. Serine and threonine and cysteine located downstream and upstream to KAC sites. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid, ribosome and protein, and folate biosynthesis pathways enriched significantly. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative acetylome analysis to compare the wild-type as well as its fuzzless-lintless mutant acetylome data to identify the differentially acetylated proteins, which may play a significant role in cotton fiber development.

中文翻译：

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对陆地棉的野生型和无绒毛无突变突变体胚珠进行比较的乙酰基分析（Gossypium hirsutum Cv。Xu142）揭示了差异蛋白乙酰化可能调节纤维发育。

蛋白质乙酰化（KAC）是重要的翻译后修饰，在调节生长和发育中起着至关重要的作用。不幸的是，在被子植物中尚无足够的相关研究，迄今为止，尚无报道提供有关蛋白质乙酰化在棉纤维发育中作用的见解。因此，我们首先通过使用野生型及其无绒毛无突变体来鉴定KAC在纤维发育中的作用，比较了纤维发育早期陆地棉胚珠的赖氨酸-乙酰化蛋白质组（乙酰基）。共有1696个具有2754个乙酰化位点的蛋白质被鉴定为属于不同的亚细胞区室，乙酰化程度不同，这表明在两个棉花品种中存在大量差异化乙酰化的蛋白质。预计约80％的位点位于细胞质，叶绿体和线粒体中。鉴定出十七个显着富集的乙酰化基序。丝氨酸，苏氨酸和半胱氨酸位于KAC位点的下游和上游。KEGG途径富集分析表明，氧化磷酸化，脂肪酸，核糖体和蛋白质以及叶酸的生物合成途径显着富集。就我们所知，这是比较乙酰基分析法的第一份报告，该比较法比较了野生型及其无绒毛的突变乙酰基数据，以鉴定差异化的乙酰化蛋白质，这可能在棉纤维发育中起重要作用。丝氨酸，苏氨酸和半胱氨酸位于KAC位点的下游和上游。KEGG途径富集分析表明，氧化磷酸化，脂肪酸，核糖体和蛋白质以及叶酸的生物合成途径显着富集。就我们所知，这是比较乙酰基分析法的第一份报告，该比较法比较了野生型及其无绒毛的突变乙酰基数据，以鉴定差异化的乙酰化蛋白质，这可能在棉纤维发育中起重要作用。丝氨酸，苏氨酸和半胱氨酸位于KAC位点的下游和上游。KEGG途径富集分析表明，氧化磷酸化，脂肪酸，核糖体和蛋白质以及叶酸的生物合成途径显着富集。就我们所知，这是比较乙酰基分析法的第一份报告，该比较法比较了野生型及其无绒毛的突变乙酰基数据，以鉴定差异化的乙酰化蛋白质，这可能在棉纤维发育中起重要作用。