Zinc is an important element for bone structure and metabolism. Its interaction with hydroxyapatite has been investigated for the improvement of bone repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biological response to nanostructured calcium alginate‐hydroxyapatite (HA) and zinc‐containing HA (ZnHA). Cytocompatibility was evaluated by applying PrestoBlue reagent after exposing murine pre‐osteoblast cells to extracts of each biomaterial microspheres. After physical and chemical characterization, the biomaterial microspheres were implanted in a critical size calvaria defect (8 mm) in Wistar rats (n = 30) that were randomly divided into the HA and ZnHA groups. Tissue samples were evaluated through histological and histomorphometric analyses after 1, 3, and 6 months (n = 5). The results showed cellular viability for both groups compared to the negative control, and no differences in metabolic activity were observed. The HA group presented a significant reduction of biomaterial compared with the ZnHA group in all experimental periods; however, a considerable amount of new bone formation was observed surrounding the ZnHA spheres at the 6‐month time point compared with the HA group (p < .05). Both biomaterials were biocompatible, and the combination of zinc with hydroxyapatite was shown to improve bone repair.

中文翻译：

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含锌海藻酸钙-羟基磷灰石复合微球骨再生生物学评价[J].

锌是骨骼结构和新陈代谢的重要元素。已经研究了它与羟基磷灰石的相互作用以改善骨修复。本研究的目的是评估对纳米结构海藻酸钙-羟基磷灰石 (HA) 和含锌 HA (ZnHA) 的体外和体内生物反应。将小鼠前成骨细胞暴露于每种生物材料微球的提取物后，通过应用 PrestoBlue 试剂来评估细胞相容性。经过物理和化学表征，将生物材料微球植入 Wistar 大鼠（n = 30）的临界尺寸颅骨缺损（8 mm）中，Wistar 大鼠随机分为 HA 和 ZnHA 组。组织样本在 1、3 和 6 个月后通过组织学和组织形态计量学分析进行评估 ( n= 5）。结果显示，与阴性对照相比，两组的细胞活力，并且没有观察到代谢活性的差异。与ZnHA组相比，HA组在所有实验期间的生物材料显着减少；然而，与 HA 组相比，在 6 个月的时间点在 ZnHA 球周围观察到了大量的新骨形成（p  < .05）。两种生物材料都是生物相容的，锌与羟基磷灰石的组合被证明可以改善骨骼修复。