Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a poorly defined disease that primarily affects preterm infants. There has not been much progress in the prevention or treatment of NEC since it became recognized as a common problem in preterm infants. Reasons for this lack of progress include the likelihood that different diseases are being put under the same moniker of "NEC," similar to using "diabetes" for the different diseases it represents. In order to make progress, better delineation of the phenotypes that present as NEC will be necessary to clearly establish their pathophysiology, find specific and sensitive biomarkers, and establish preventative regimens. In this review, we summarize some of the entities that are being called NEC, discuss the pathophysiology of the most classic form of NEC, and provide an overview of how we might proceed in the future to make progress in this field.

中文翻译：

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坏死性小肠结肠炎：一种多组学方法和微生物组的作用。

坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是一种定义不明确的疾病，主要影响早产儿。自从NEC被公认是早产儿的普遍问题以来，在NEC的预防或治疗方面还没有取得很大进展。缺乏这种进展的原因包括可能将不同的疾病置于“ NEC”的同一名称下，类似于对代表的不同疾病使用“糖尿病”。为了取得进展，有必要更好地描绘以NEC形式出现的表型，以清楚地确定其病理生理学，发现特异性和敏感的生物标志物并建立预防方案。在这篇评论中，我们总结了一些被称为NEC的实体，讨论了NEC最经典形式的病理生理学，