These days, the sequencing of genomes and discovery of genomic regions associated with adaptive differences between populations and species are commonplace. What is less well understood is the role of gene expression in the ability of species to invade novel habitats and survive environmental challenges [1]. Such an understanding is important, especially as numerous species are introduced to new regions of the globe through human intervention and spread as invasive species, often leaving ecological chaos in their wake. Additionally, we are only just beginning to understand the role of gene expression in acclimation of species to novel habitats [2,3]. Both adaptation and acclimation are important in the ability of species to survive and invade new habitats [4,5]. Measuring the relative contribution of these factors to invasive ability, and identifying signals of their genomic underpinnings, is a major task of evolutionary biology.

中文翻译：

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适应和驯化的基因组学：从田间到实验室再返回


如今，基因组测序和发现与种群和物种之间适应性差异相关的基因组区域已很常见。人们不太了解基因表达在物种入侵新栖息地和生存环境挑战的能力中的作用[1]。这种理解很重要，特别是当许多物种通过人类干预被引入全球新地区并作为入侵物种传播时，往往会留下生态混乱。此外，我们才刚刚开始了解基因表达在物种适应新栖息地中的作用[2,3]。适应和驯化对于物种生存和入侵新栖息地的能力都很重要[4,5]。测量这些因素对入侵能力的相对贡献，并识别其基因组基础信号，是进化生物学的一项主要任务。