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Luminescent Spectral Rulers for Noninvasive Displacement Measurement through Tissue.
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01930
Melissa M Suckey 1 , Donald Benza 1, 2 , Md Arifuzzaman 1 , Paul W Millhouse 1 , Dakotah Anderson 1 , Jonathan Heath 1 , John D DesJardins 3 , Jeffrey N Anker 1, 3, 4
Affiliation  

A luminescent spectral ruler was developed to measure micrometer to millimeter displacements through tissue. The spectral ruler has two components: a luminescent encoder patterned with alternating stripes of two spectrally distinct luminescent materials and an analyzer mask with periodic transparent windows the same width as the encoder stripes. The analyzer mask is placed over the encoder and held so that only one type of luminescent stripe is visible through the window; sliding the analyzer over the encoder modulates the luminescence spectrum acquired through the analyzer windows, enabling detection of small displacements without imaging. We prepared two types of spectral rulers, one with a fluorescent encoder and a second with an X-ray excited optical luminescent (XEOL) encoder. The fluorescent ruler used two types of quantum dots to form stripes that were excited with 633 nm light and emitted at 645 and 680 nm, respectively. Each ruler type was covered with chicken breast tissue to simulate implantation. The XEOL ruler generated a strong signal with negligible tissue autofluorescence but used ionizing radiation, while the fluorescence ruler used non-ionizing red light excitation but required spectral fitting to account for tissue autofluorescence. The precision for both types of luminescent spectral rulers (with 1 mm wide analyzer windows, and measured through 6 mm of tissue) was <2 μm, mostly limited by shot noise. The approach enabled high micrometer to millimeter displacement measurements through tissue and has applications in biomechanical and mechanochemical measurements (e.g., tracking postsurgical bone healing and implant-associated infection).

中文翻译:

用于通过组织进行无创位移测量的发光光谱尺。

开发了一种发光光谱尺来测量通过组织的微米到毫米的位移。光谱尺有两个组成部分:一个发光编码器,其图案由两种光谱不同的发光材料交替条纹组成,以及一个分析仪掩模,其具有与编码器条纹宽度相同的周期性透明窗口。分析仪面罩放置在编码器上方并固定,以便通过窗口只能看到一种类型的发光条纹;在编码器上滑动分析仪可调制通过分析仪窗口获取的发光光谱,从而无需成像即可检测小位移。我们准备了两种类型的光谱尺,一种带有荧光编码器,另一种带有 X 射线激发光学发光 (XEOL) 编码器。荧光标尺使用两种类型的量子点形成条纹,分别用 633 nm 的光激发并在 645 和 680 nm 发射。每种尺子类型都覆盖有鸡胸组织以模拟植入。XEOL 标尺产生了一个强信号,组织自发荧光可忽略不计,但使用了电离辐射,而荧光标尺使用非电离红光激发,但需要光谱拟合来解释组织自发荧光。两种类型的发光光谱标尺(具有 1 毫米宽的分析器窗口,并通过 6 毫米的组织进行测量)的精度均小于 2 微米,主要受散粒噪声的限制。该方法能够通过组织进行微米级到毫米级的位移测量,并应用于生物力学和机械化学测量(例如,
更新日期:2020-02-25
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