In this study, a peak shaving algorithm known as a control method to reduce peak mechanical loads in multi-megawatt wind turbines was designed and implemented to a medium capacity 100 kW wind turbine to solve overspeeding shutdown problem due to low moment of inertia of the rotor. The algorithm consists of a look-up table having an input of measured rotor speed and an output of blade pitch angle, and the output is added to the pitch command of the controller. The algorithm was firstly validated using a commercial aero-elastic simulation code, GH-Bladed, under low and high turbulence conditions. The simulation results clearly showed that the maximum rotor speed value causing an overspeed shutdown was reduced and that the mean power was slightly increased. In addition, the damage equivalent loads for the blade out-of-plane bending moment and tower fore-aft bending moment were reduced in the rated wind speed region. Field tests were also performed to confirm the validity of the simulation results. For the field test, the peak shaving algorithm was implemented to the original power control algorithm and it was uploaded to the programmable logic controller of the 100 kW wind turbine. It is concluded that applying the peak shaving method for multi-megawatt wind turbines to a medium capacity wind turbine with much lower rotor moment of inertia is effective in reducing overspeed shutdown problems and helps annual energy production as the result. In wind conditions where the average wind speed is 4.55% higher and the turbulence intensity is 11.81% higher, the maximum rotor speed and standard deviation causing an overspeed shutdown were reduced by − 2.06% and − 8.08%, respectively, with the proposed peak shaving algorithm. The results demonstrate convincingly that predicted improvement in simulation can be achieved in practice.

中文翻译：

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削峰技术在提高100 kW风力发电机性能中的应用和验证

在这项研究中，设计了一种削峰算法，该算法称为控制方法，可降低多兆瓦级风力涡轮机的峰值机械负荷，并将其应用于中容量100 kW风力涡轮机，以解决由于转子惯性矩低而导致的超速停机问题。该算法由一个查找表组成，该查找表具有一个测得的转子速度输入和一个叶片桨距角输出，并将输出添加到控制器的桨距命令中。该算法首先使用商业气动弹性仿真代码GH-Bladed在低和高湍流条件下进行了验证。仿真结果清楚地表明，导致超速停机的最大转子速度值降低了，平均功率略有增加。此外，在额定风速范围内，叶片平面外弯矩和塔架前后弯矩的破坏当量载荷减小了。还进行了现场测试，以确认模拟结果的有效性。对于现场测试，将削峰算法实施为原始功率控制算法，并将其上载到100 kW风力涡轮机的可编程逻辑控制器中。得出的结论是，将峰值功率的多兆瓦级风力涡轮机应用到转子惯性矩低得多的中容量风力涡轮机上，可以有效地减少超速停机问题，从而有助于每年发电。在平均风速高4.55％且湍流强度高11.81％的风力条件下，提出的削峰算法将导致超速停机的最大转子速度和标准偏差分别降低了-2.06％和-8.08％。结果令人信服地表明，可以在实践中实现预期的仿真改进。