Akey trend of current network evolution is in the direction of network softwarization and virtualization. These technological paradigms aim to enable a network to be programmable in a way that makes the network more flexible, scalable, and reliable, and in turn leads to agile service deployment and lower capital and operational expenses. So far, two related widely adopted solutions are software defined networks (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV). There is one main difference between these two new networking paradigms. SDN separates the control plane from the data plane through a well-defined programming interface, such that the centralized controller can have a complete view of the entire network, while NFV decouples network functions from dedicated physical equipment by means of virtualization technology, and runs the virtual network functions (VNFs) in the general purpose physical or virtual network appliances. Both approaches make the network programmable in order to have the aforementioned desired features. SDN and NFV do not depend on each other, and they actually complement each other. They can work well individually and can also work in tandem for performance reasons. Due to such advantages, both SDN and NFV have become key enabling technologies for 5G networks, and have also been used in a wide range of important areas including IoT, mobile edge computing, smart grid, cloud datacenters, and cognition-based networks.

中文翻译：

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在基于 SDN/NFV 的网络中利用机器学习的客座编辑

当前网络演进的一个关键趋势是网络软件化和虚拟化。这些技术范式旨在使网络可编程，使网络更加灵活、可扩展和可靠，进而实现灵活的服务部署并降低资本和运营费用。到目前为止，两个相关的广泛采用的解决方案是软件定义网络（SDN）和网络功能虚拟化（NFV）。这两种新的网络范式之间有一个主要区别。SDN通过定义良好的编程接口将控制平面和数据平面分离，使得集中控制器可以对整个网络有一个完整的视图，而NFV则通过虚拟化技术将网络功能与专用物理设备解耦，并在通用物理或虚拟网络设备中运行虚拟网络功能 (VNF)。这两种方法都使网络可编程，以便具有上述所需的功能。SDN和NFV并不相互依赖，实际上是相辅相成的。它们可以单独工作，也可以出于性能原因协同工作。由于这些优势，SDN和NFV均已成为5G网络的关键使能技术，并广泛应用于物联网、移动边缘计算、智能电网、云数据中心和基于认知的网络等重要领域。他们实际上是相辅相成的。它们可以单独工作，也可以出于性能原因协同工作。由于这些优势，SDN和NFV均已成为5G网络的关键使能技术，并广泛应用于物联网、移动边缘计算、智能电网、云数据中心和基于认知的网络等重要领域。他们实际上是相辅相成的。它们可以单独工作，也可以出于性能原因协同工作。由于这些优势，SDN和NFV均已成为5G网络的关键使能技术，并广泛应用于物联网、移动边缘计算、智能电网、云数据中心和基于认知的网络等重要领域。