Smart manufacturing is characterized as transparent shop floor production, rapid and intelligent responses to dynamic changes, and a utilization of high-performance inter-cooperation networks. Smart manufacturing and a global appetite for personalized products have transitioned industry from mass production into the age of mass customization. Increased autonomy is slowly changing customer expectations as well, enabling customers to modify a product design not only during an order, but sometimes even long after placing an order. In this context, this paper fills a gap by presenting a data-centric infrastructure to enable interaction with a “global, virtual data space,” which overcomes the problems with traditional direct access methods such as interoperability and compatibility. Using a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), resource monitoring on the shopfloor as well as multiple parities beyond the enterprise boundary will be interconnected through this data-centric infrastructure. A semantic knowledge management system, which encompasses product lifecycle knowledge and manufacturing process ontology, is developed as the data schema in the data-centric infrastructure. In comparison to relational databases which are effective at handling paper forms and tabular structure, the flexible schema of graph databases enable these to handle dynamic and uncertain variables. These capabilities are deemed critical for a platform supporting real-time information exchange between customer, manufacturer and collaborators. One advantage of such a system allowing for real-time information exchange is that it enables last minute order changes by the customer, allowing for product design changes even after production has started on the order. The other advantage is that it allows manufacturing managers to monitor the productivity of customer-directed, dynamic manufacturing processes by utilizing Dynamic Value Stream Mapping (DVSM) methods.

智能制造的特征在于透明的车间生产，对动态变化的快速智能响应以及对高性能互连网络的利用。智能制造和对个性化产品的全球需求已使行业从大规模生产过渡到大规模定制时代。越来越多的自主权也在慢慢改变客户的期望，使客户不仅可以在订购过程中修改产品设计，有时甚至在下订单后很长时间也可以修改产品设计。在这种情况下，本文通过提出一种以数据为中心的基础架构来填补空白，以实现与“全局虚拟数据空间”的交互，从而克服了传统直接访问方法（如互操作性和兼容性）的问题。使用网络物理系统（CPS），通过这种以数据为中心的基础架构，可以对车间的资源监控以及企业边界以外的多个奇偶校验进行互连。包含产品生命周期知识和制造过程本体的语义知识管理系统被开发为以数据为中心的基础架构中的数据模式。与有效处理纸质表格和表格结构的关系数据库相比，图形数据库的灵活方案使它们能够处理动态和不确定的变量。这些功能对于支持客户，制造商和协作者之间的实时信息交换的平台至关重要。这种允许实时信息交换的系统的优点是，它可以使客户在最后一刻更改订单，即使在订单上开始生产后也可以进行产品设计更改。另一个优点是，它允许制造经理通过利用动态价值流映射（DVSM）方法来监视以客户为导向的动态制造过程的生产率。